10th Day
Biological Sciences 94 with Burley at University of California - Irvine
About this deck
By: Matt Raymond
Created: 2011-08-24
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 3
Created: 2011-08-24
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 3
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Phylum platyhelminthes
flatworms-lost coelom
marine, freshwater, moist terrestrial habitats
Free living and parasites (gut missing); no structures for gas exchange
Turbellarians (Phylum platyhelminthes)
mostly marine, mostly free-living
scavengers and predators
ciliated surfaces
Endoparasitic flatworms
complex life cycles with intermediate hosts
Trematodes (flukes) - parasites of vertebrates and mollusks
Annelida
coelom present
Segmented worms(metamerism)
Bristles (chaetae)
1) Polychaetes (parapodia)
2) Oligaochaetes - reduced head, fewer chaetae; deposit feeders; many terrestrial: soil aeration, porosity, release nutrients
3)Hirudinea-leeches; parasitic ones secrete anticoagulant, anestheic
Mollusca
Extremely variable in body form
3 principle classes (of 7)
bivalves, gastropods, cephalopods
Class Bivalvia (clams, oysters)
suspension feeders
Lack radula, head
strong muscles to close shell
Class Gastropoda
Important in many food chains
indicators of pollution and acid rain
Intermediate hosts of human parasites
Nematodes: The most abundant metazoans
Nematoda- tough cuticle, simple body plan with no limbs
Many species parasitic on plants and animals
C.elegans
1 mm soil dweller
Anthropods
traits
Jointed, specialized appendages
Hard (chitinous) exoskeleton
Sensory antennae, eyes
4 major subphyla
Crustaceans
2 pairs of antennae
Very variable body forms, specialized limbs
Mostly aquatic, planktonic larvae
suspension feeders, predators, scavengers
Krill
small crustacceans
Used in commercial fisheries
Source of nutritional supplements, okiami
Chelicerates
Spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions
cephalothorax
four pairs of walking legs
chelicera (fangs)
First known land carnivore
Scorpion
Myriapods
10-20 segments
Terrestrial: humid environments
Millipedes-detritivores
Centipedes- predators, first segment modified as claw with poison gland
Class Insecta - 950,000 species
3 body regions
One pair of antennae
One pair of compound eyes
Usu. 1 or 2 pairs of wings
Mouthparts designed for chewing, piercing or sucking
3 pairs of legs for walking
Gas exchange via trachea and spiracles
Wings
Insects--first winged animals
Generally weak fliers
Wings facilitate dispersal
Atypical dispersal may facilitate speciation
Radiation of Mouthparts
3 pairs of modified jointed appendages
Wide radiation of mouthparts (sucking, piercing,chewing,biting)
Coevolution with seed plants
insect radiation underway > 100 my before angiosperms
Both antagonistic and mutualistic coevolution; narrow diets at each life stage
Small size
Small size results in high diversity due to niche availability and to high rate of evolution
Conclusion: Why so many insects
Small size
Moderate flight capacity
High evolvability of mouthparts; limbs/wings
Coevolution with seed plants, especially angiosperms
The most diverse protosome phyla (measured by species richness and diversity of lifestyle) show:
Broad morphological radiation
Summary
Protosomes (20 phyla) common ancestor, with two major radiations
Most worm-like (tube within tube design)
Most diverse have limbs etc- molluscs and arthropods
About this deck
By: Matt Raymond
Created: 2011-08-24
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 3
Created: 2011-08-24
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 3
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
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