11.07 -- Hindu Iconography

StudyBlue printing of 11.07 -- Hindu Iconography html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; outline: 0; font-size: 100%; background: transparent; } body { line-height: 1; } blockquote, q { quotes: none; } blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; } /* remember to define focus styles! */ :focus { outline: 0; } /* remember to highlight inserts somehow! */ ins { text-decoration: none; } del { text-decoration: line-through; } /* tables still need 'cellspacing="0"' in the markup */ table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } /* end RESET */ .header { min-width:800px; } .logo { padding:6px 20px 2px 20px; margin:0; font-size:25px; font-weight:bold; color:#808285; position:relative; border-bottom: 1px solid #c5c5c5; } .logo-blue { color:#70adc4; } .logo-desc { font-weight:normal; font-size:19px; color:#cccccc; margin-top:50px; position:absolute; display: none; } .back-button { position:absolute; top:20px; right:20px; font-size:13px; line-height:25px; color:rgb(0,175,225); font-weight:normal; } .back-button a { color:rgb(0,175,225); } .instructions { padding:0; margin:0; width:100%; position:relative; color:rgb(100,100,100); } .step-holder { border-left:1px solid #ededed; margin-left:20px; } .steps { padding:15px 0; float:left; width:24%; border-right:1px solid #ededed; text-align:center; } .steps-01 { } .steps-02 { } .steps-03 { } .steps-04 { } .label { padding:5px 10px; } .print-button { } .print-button a { background-color:rgb(0,175,225); color:white; line-height: 19px; padding:9px 8px 5px 30px; font-size:14px; text-decoration:none; background-image: url(images/printer.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 7px 50%; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; } .print-button a:hover { background-color:black; } .theNote .content { width: 8.0in !important; margin: 5px auto; padding:20px; background-color:white; } .theNote .header { border-bottom: 1px dashed #C8C8C8; font-size: 17px; padding: 0 0 10px; line-height: 19px; color: #00ADE1; min-width:500px; } .theNote .body { font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; padding: 10px 0; } .theNote{ padding:6px 0; clear:both; background-color: rgb(200,200,200); } .theNote h3{ color: rgb(100,100,100); } .theNote h1, .theNote h3{ background-color:white; padding:2px 20px; width:8.0in !important; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1{ padding-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1:first-child{ font-size: 20px; } .theNote h3 { font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; } #options { border: 3px double #ccc; padding: 5px 12px; margin: 10px 50px 10px 20px; float: left; } #info { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; padding-top: 5px; font-style: italic; } li { margin: 5px 10px 5px 25px; } ul li { list-style: disc; } ol li { list-style: decimal; } img { border: 0; } table { clear: both; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; border-width: 1px 0; margin: 0; page-break-after: always; } table#page { page-break-after: auto; } td { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #c5c5c5; height: 1.75in; width: 50%; padding-left: 15px; } .leftside { border-right: 1px solid #cccccc; padding: 0 15px 0 0; } .bottom td { border-bottom: none; } .clearfix { clear:both; line-height:1px; height:1px; } img { max-width:80%; max-height:150px; margin:20px; } @media print {.header { display: none; } .content .header{ display:inherit; } table { border: 1px dashed #bbb; border-width: 1px 0; } .theNote{ background-color:white; } } Shiva Shaivism, Shaivite -- the practice of worshipping Shiva Creative Energy Vehicle -- Nandi the bull Iconography Four Arms Universal power The Moon Cycle of time, cup of offering Snake Destruction; kundalini energy (energetic forced that go up and down one's spine); rebirth, rejuvenation; watery underworld Trident (Trishula) Three functions Weapon against evil The Drum (damaru) Creation (the sound of the drum is often the first thing one hears in a musical performance) The Three Eyes Sun, Moon, Fire When the universe is ready for destruction, his third eye will open up and shoot the fire out and destroy everything The Ganges River creation, purification Matted Hair (Dreads) Lord of Yoga; The Great Ascetic Tiger Skin Master of the Power of Nature Aniconic representations Shivalingam (phallic symbol) Creation / Manifestation Shiva and the Goddess Parvati Uma Shiva as Mahadeva Mahadeva -- Supreme lord of creation Shiva Nataraja -- "Lord of the Dance;" Dance to create the universe drum (creation) in one hand flame (destruction) in another protection -- fearlessness mudra; elephant trunk mudra pointing to foot ("Kiss my foot! I'll protect you!") wisdom -- stomping on a demon that represents ignorance (Apasmara) Surrounded by a ring of fire Elephanta Caves (c. 550-75 BCE) Island off the coast of Mumbai Royal Patronage: Krishnaraja I of the Kalchuri Dynasty Elephanta, Cave 1 Shiva as Supreme God (Mahadeva) Central Face -- The Serene One Creative Aspect Sadyojata Feminine figure on the right side -- The Blissful One Healing / preserving aspect Left face -- The Wrathful One Destructive / regenerative aspect Ganesha Lord of beginnings Remover of all obstacles Patron of arts and sciences God of intellect and wisdom Iconography Four Arms -- universal power Elephant Head Micro/macrocosm Vehicle -- Mouse Often on top of a lotus flower Broken tusk Manifest and unmanifest Axe (or elephant hook) Lasso or rosary beads Sweet Devi (The Goddess) Shaktism, Shakta The Goddess as Consort -- feminine counterpart to the gods Shri Yantra -- aniconic representation of the Goddess The Goddess as Shakti Shakti -- the creative, dynamic power of the universe Tantrism -- the unity of masculine and feminine forces Shri Yantra -- aniconic (see image) Seven chakras Durga -- The Inaccessible The Warrior Goddess Combined the powers of all the gods to defeat Mahisa, the Buffalo demon Kali The Dark One; Power of Time A symbol of dissolution and destruction, and untamable and uncontrollable aspects of reality. Represents the fierce power she has over people. The destroyer of ignorance, who blesses and frees the seeker Iconography Fearsome Image Power of Destruction Laughter (open mouth, tongue sticking out) Mocks human vanity Severed Heads Reminder of the omnipotence of time Vishnu Vaishnavism, Vaishnavite Iconography Attributes Blue skin (connects him with the sky) Four arms Lotus Discus (a sun symbol, also a weapon) Mace (another weapon) Conch shell (creation; the "sound" of the universe) Aniconic representations Salagrama -- a lot like the shivalinga Tilaka -- V for Vishnu! (White V with a red line down the middle) Vishnu, the Preserver Represents accepted social values: family, community, moderation, prosperity Preserver of balance and harmony; maintainer of order and tradition Vishnu -- the tendency towards cohesion: Centripetal Force (sattva) Shiva -- The tendency towards disintegration: Centrifugal Force (tamas) Vishnu on the Cosmic Serpent Vishnu on the Cosmic Serpent (Vishnu Anantasayana) Floating along the ocean on a serpent Brahma is born out of a lotus flower coming out of Vishnu's navel Lakshmi Vishnu Temple One central shrine, another shrine at each of the four corners, circumambulation Vishnu as Supreme God (Vasudeva) Destructive Aspect Riding on top of this half-man/half-bird called Garuda Saving an elephant from an evil demon Force of Preservation Creative Aspect 10 Avatars of Vishnu Avatar -- a manifestation of a deity or released soul in bodily form on earth; an incarnate divine teacher; an incarnation, embodiment, or manifestation of a person or idea Matsya, the fish Kurma, the turtle Varaha, the Cosmic Boar Narasimha, the Man-lion Vamana, the dwarf Rama of the Axe Lord Rama (The Ramayana) Krishna, god of love Buddha Kalki (The next Buddha)