3/31/11

Geology 101 with Miller at Texas A&M University

About this deck

By: Sarah Fairbanks
Textbook:

Earth: Portrait of a Planet, Second Edition
Created: 2011-05-03
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 13

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Phases of the Hydrologic cycle

Evaporation

Transpiration

Precipitation

Infiltiration

Runoff

How do streams form?

Water is added to the surface creating a streamflow, which begins as moving sheetwash, moving down the steepest slope, and erodes to create tiny rill channels, rills deepend and downcut into larger channels.

Common drainage patterns

Dendritic, Radial, Rectangular, and Trellis

Dendritic

Branching, tree-like shape due to uniform material

Radial

From a point of uplift (volcano, mesa, ect)

Rectangular

Controlled by jointed rocks

Trellis

Alternating resistant and weak rocks

Watershed

network of drainages that all lead to single stream outlet

Effect of Continental Divides

seprate flow to different oceans

Discharge

The amount of water flowing in a channel

Velocity of water in a channel is highest in what part of a straight channel?

In the center of the channel

Velocity is highest in what part of a curved channel?

Outside curve, flows around in a spiral path

Scouring

Running water picks up sediment and moves it

Eddies

Swirling turbulents from chaotic, high velocity stream flow

Point Bars

Sands build up inside the meander bends

Where do sands deposit in a stream?

In a low velocity section

Over time, meandering rivers become more....

Sinuous, curves are more pronounced and elongate

Oxbow lake

when meanders grow, cut-off channel, and forms lake

Dissolved load

Ions from mineral weathering

Suspended load

Fine particles (silt and clay)

Bed load

Larger particles roll, slides, and bounces

The coarsest particles in sediment depostion are found where?

in steep gradients in headwaters

The fine particles in sediment deposition are found where?

Near the mouth of the river, gentler gradients

Channels towrads the mouth of the river

Gradient flattens

higher discharges

smaller gradient sizes

broad, meandering zones

Channels toward the headwaters

Gradient is steep

discharge is low

sediments are coarse

Channels are straight and rocky

Steam's Base Level

Ultimate base level is sea level, cannot erode below

Lakes Base level

temporary or local

CHanging of Base levels are can result in...

Raising results in an increase in deposition, lowering results accelerated erosion

Deltas form when...

when a stream enters standing water, current slows and sediments drop out, stream divides into a fan of small distributaries

Deltas evolve as they...

collect sediments

A problem for cities built on deltas....

Subsidence- lack of regular flooding leads to sediment starvation, or magnifines flood risk (New Orleans)

About this deck

By: Sarah Fairbanks
Textbook:

Earth: Portrait of a Planet, Second Edition
Created: 2011-05-03
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 13

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy