4.4.12
Earth And Planetary Sciences 01:460:100:01 with Schaller at Rutgers University - New Brunswick/Piscataway
About this deck
By: Marguerite Karoline Mauterer
Created: 2012-04-04
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 16
Created: 2012-04-04
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 16
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hydrologic cycle
earth's water balance powered by the sun
distribution of water on earth
96% ocean water
3% glaciers
1% ground water
groundwater is important because ...
1. abundant
2. constant
3. widespread
porosity
percentage of material that consists of open spaces
drain zone
zone of airation; displaces air out of soil and infiltrates into grounwater
capillary fringe
between zone of aeration and zone of saturation; partially saturated
zone of saturation
where all pore spaces are filled with water
zone of aeration
upper soil layers; holds air and water
water table
boundary between unsaturated and saturated zone
recharge
where groundwater is replenished
discharge
where groundwater flows from the surface
recharge area
area where precipitation reaches the saturated zone
discharge areas
where subsurface water is discharged to streams or to lakes, ponds, or swamps
the water table must be flatlying, true or false?
false
why doesn't the watertable assume a level surface?
1. capillary action and surface tension
2. water infiltrates down to higher points faster than it FLOWS from point to point
rates of groundwater movement
depends on permeability; slow to very slow
aquifer
sediment or rock through which water flows easily
aquitard
sediment or rock that restricts the flow of water
Confining Bed
Restricts flow of water. Ex, clay.; another aquitard
Perched water table –
a localized zone of saturation above the main water table, created by an impermeable layer (aquiclude)
standard discharge
water flows under and out of water table to form ponds and puddles
artesian flow
A spontaneous flow of groundwater through a confined aquifer to a point where the elevation of the ground surface is lower than that of the groundwater table.
confined aquifers
creates an artesian well; water is pressurized by its own weight
artesian
the hydraulic gradient is large enough to cause groundwater to flow upwards and out of the ground
wells
dug or drilled through saturation zone and below water table; water is then lifted and pumped out
wells create a -
cone of depression
groundwater is...
not pure (filled with minerals/ions); can be undersaturated, saturated, or oversaturated
groundwater passing through limestone
hardwater
iron-rich rocks that water passes through...
will leave an orange stain
Karst topography
formed on soluble rock (especially limestone) primarily by dissolution;
karst features
- dissolution cavities- takes place near the water table in an uplifted sequence of limestone
- caves- form just below the water table, when the collapse, they form the karst landscapes
- sink holes- roof collapsing of caves form sinkholes
About this deck
By: Marguerite Karoline Mauterer
Created: 2012-04-04
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 16
Created: 2012-04-04
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 16
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
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