6-9
Industrial Engineering 585 with Tayyari at Bradley University
About this deck
By: Erin McGraw
Created: 2010-10-26
Size: 56 flashcards
Views: 14
Created: 2010-10-26
Size: 56 flashcards
Views: 14
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Musculoskeletal Disorders
ØBack injury; ØCarpal tunnel syndrome; ØTendinitis and tenosynovitis; ØArthritis; ØVibration white finger.
Cardiovascular Diseases
ØMyocardial infarction; ØStroke; ØHypertension.
Dermatologic Disorders
ØDermatoses; ØBurns; Ø ØContusions (injured without skin breakage, bruise); ØLacerations (deep wounds).
Musculoskeletal Disorder
health impairments which affect nerves, muscles, ligaments, tendons, tendon sheaths, bones, and tissues in the joints.
Strain
pulled or pushed to its extreme by forcing the joint beyond its normal range of motion.
Sprain
fibers are torn.
Tendenitis
inflammation of a tendon.
Tenosynovitis
irritation and inflammation of a tendon sheath.
Ganglionic cyst
Tendon disorder (hernia-like by joint)
Arthritis
inflammation or an abnormal condition of a joint.
CTDS vs. Strain/Sprain
long period of time & repetition
single-exposure
single-exposure
Causes of Back Pains
ØChronic lumbar strain; ØHerniated intervertebral disk ; ØCompression fracture of vertebrae; ØMuscle spasm; ØScoliosis ; ØUnstable (dislocated) vertebrae; ØKyphosis; ØHyperlordosis.
Herniated Intervertebral disk
sudden or jerky movement, extreme twisting, and/or strong push or pull
Scoliosis
abnormal curvature of the spine usually in the lateral direction
Kyphosis
backward curvature of the thoracic spine--humpback appearance
Hyperlordosis
excessive development of a forward curve in the lumbar spine
Scoliosis
Cervical
Thoracic
Hyperlordosis
Kyphosis
Lumbar
Sacral
Cervical
Thoracic
Hyperlordosis
Kyphosis
Lumbar
Sacral
Back Injury Prevention
Change positions, exercise, and take breaks
Cervical Syndrome
cervical vertebrae and disks, and irritation of the cervical nerve roots.
Hand/Wrist
9 tendons (finger flexors) and 8 carpal bones.
Median Nerve
lowest three, sometimes four, cervical and the first thoracic segments of the spinal cord.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
carpal tunnel can trap and/or pinch the median nerve causing numbness, pain and tingling in the thumb, index and middle fingers
Tinel's Test
Performed by tapping the median nerve at the wrist. Tapping a compressed median nerve induces tingling in one or more fingers in the affected hand.
Phalen's Test
Performed by having the patient put the backs of his/her two hands together and acutely flex the wrists for a minute. The resulted tingling in the fingers is a positive sign of CTS.
Electromyogram Test
an electrical stimulus is given in the forearm; the transmission time across the wrist is measured to determine the sensory function of the median nerve.
Vibrometry
Vibrometer used to detect CTS
Neurometry
neurometer to detect CTS
Vibration White Finger (VWF)
caused by segmental vibration
called Raynaud's syndrome
narrowing blood vessels -> collapse of vessel
called Raynaud's syndrome
narrowing blood vessels -> collapse of vessel
T-> tingling
N-> Numbness
N-> Numbness
Occupational Risk Factors of CTD
ØHighly repetitive movements ØAwkward postures ØExcessive forces ØInadequate tool handles ØPinch-hand position ØLow frequency vibration ØGloves that do not fit properly ØLow temperature
Tennis elbow
Lateral Epicondylitis
OUTSIDE of elbow
OUTSIDE of elbow
Golfer's Elbow
Medial Epicondylitis
INSIDE of elbow
INSIDE of elbow
Bursitis
inflammation of bursa
irritation or friction due to abduction & rotation of joints
irritation or friction due to abduction & rotation of joints
Radial Nerve Paralysis
Saturday-night palsy
arm over backrest of a chair
outer aspect of upper arm (radial nerve)
fracture in the humerus
arm over backrest of a chair
outer aspect of upper arm (radial nerve)
fracture in the humerus
Rotator Cuff Tendinitis
Shoulder
inflammation of tendons (4)
inflammation of tendons (4)
Manual Materials Handling (MMH)
lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling, & carrying
strains cardiovascular & musculoskeletal system
lower back -> most traumatic & costly
strains cardiovascular & musculoskeletal system
lower back -> most traumatic & costly
Kilocalories per hour
5-1.5 resting
AKA 3.5
AKA 3.5
H, V, D, F, Fmax
H = Horizontal location of lift centerline;
V = Vertical location of the hands at origin of lift;
D = Vertical travel distance from origin to destination of lift;
F = Frequency of lifting, average number of lifts per minute;
Fmax = Maximum frequency of lifting which can be sustained.
Limit
Acceptable (AL)
Unacceptable for some individuals (between AL & MPL)
Unacceptable for most individuals (above MPL)
Unacceptable for some individuals (between AL & MPL)
Unacceptable for most individuals (above MPL)
Aerobically
normal-paced work during a long period of time
Anaerobically
starts low-intensity and during a high-intensity work pace
Prolonged
Continuous work (few minutes to several hours)
Intermittent Work
short periods of time followed by pauses
Partial Pressure
If the air consists of 20.93% O2, 79% N, and 0.04% CO2, then
•PO2 = 0.2093(760 mmHg) = 159 mmHg •PN2 = 0.79(760 mmHg) = 600 mmHg, •PCO2 = 0.0004(760 mmHg) = 0.3 mmHg.
Standard Temperature Pressure Dry
760mmHg T=0 C
Body Temperature Pressure
47mmHg T=37 C
Ambient Temperature Pressure Saturated
air samples have been stored & allowed to reach ambient conditions before being analyzed
Circulatory System
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Capillaries
Veins
SV
Stroke Volume
HR
Heart Rate
BSA
Body Surface Area
Oxygen Pulse
Measure of the stroke volume
Basal Metabolism
after 12 hours fasting & 8 hours resting
W, H, A, BSA
W = the subject's body weight (Kg)
H = the subject's height (m)
A = the subject's age (years)
BSA = the subject's body surface
Met
Metabolism at rest
Vo2, Fio2, Feo2, Ve
VO2 = Volume of oxygen consumed (l/min);
FIO2 = Fraction of oxygen in inspired air (normally, 0.2093);
FEO2 = Fraction of oxygen in expired air (0.15 to 0.18);
VE = Volume of expired air (l/min).
at generated by an energy sourceAbout this deck
By: Erin McGraw
Created: 2010-10-26
Size: 56 flashcards
Views: 14
Created: 2010-10-26
Size: 56 flashcards
Views: 14
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
Dennis