8-26 Lecture Notes.docx

8/26/10 Herodotus ? ancient Greek historian that talked about ancient Egypt Called Egypt ?The Gift of the Nile? Greaves ? first person to bring drawings of Pyramids back to Europe Andre Thevet ? 1556, first drawing of the Sphinx Distorted, very artistic, European looking male, depicted as what it was meant to be not as it is Jan Sommer ? 1590?s drawing of many little pyramids with big pyramids George Sandys ? 1610, more accurate drawing of Giza Displays the 3 pyramids and the Sphinx Mummy ? preserved remains of buried Egyptians Mummy Trade common Mummy unwrapping parties Ground up mummy?s to use for medicine or paint Claude Sicard ? first to travel to southern part of Egypt Frederick Ludvig Norden ? wrote a book called ?Travels of Egypt? Book interested more regular, middle class people, not just aristocrats James Bruce ? explored Valley of the Kings (where most of the ancient kings of Egypt) Explored tomb of Ramses III Napoleon Bonaparte ? wanted to cut off Britain from India Instead of sailing all around Africa to get to India, he went to Egypt to create a new path through the Mediterranean Brought scientists, historians, artists etc. to study all part of life in Egypt Vivant Denon ? head artist of this commission Battle of the Pyramids ? between France and Egypt France wins battle and start studying pyramids and artifacts Start making measurements of Sphinx and Pyramids Battle of the Nile ? between Britain and France Britain wins battle, French head south and document what they find Denon joins the group heading south to make sure everything gets documented Discovered Rosetta Stone (written in Egyptian hieroglyphs and ancient greek) Treaty of Alexandria ? 1801, between France and Britain French given safe passage back to France Hand to hand over all found objects and artifacts to British French get to keep notes and sketches Jean-Francois Champollion ? first to translate and decipher the Rosetta Stone Had knowledge of Coptic (Ancient Greek with the user of some Egyptian symbols) Cartouche ? oval around some of the hieroglyphs (seen several times on the Rosetta Stone) Symbolizes names in Egyptian writing Egyptomania ? obsession with Egypt within Europe and the U.S. Legitimating ? countries display monuments taken from or that represent ancient Egypt or Greece Washington Monument ? modeled after Egyptian obelisks Lincoln Memorial ? modeled after Greek monuments Real Egyptian obelisk placed in Central Park and in France