Abnormal Psych

Psychology 350 with Holmes at University of Kansas

About this deck

By: Daniel Lear
Textbook: Abnormal Psychology, Custom Edition
Created: 2011-04-12
Size: 99 flashcards
Views: 92

About StudyBlue

STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school. Things like online flashcards with photos and audio. Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next. Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone. STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis

Sign up (free) to study this.

Amphetamine Psychosis

A brief disorder that resembles schizophrenia but is caused by a strong stimulant.

Amygdala

A structure in the brain that plays a role in emotion and is smaller in some persons who suffer from schizophrenia

Apathy

A symptom of schizophrenia that involves flat mood, lack of responsiveness, and depression.

Atypical Neuroleptics

Modern drugs that are used to treat schizophrenia that usually involves greatly reduced motor activity

Behavior Modification

The use of rewards and punishments to strengthen normal behaviors and reduce abnormal behaviors.

Biological Traumas

Diseases, poisons, or injuries that damage the brain and can lead to schizophrenia.

Bizarre Delusions

A firmly held belief that is clearly implausible; for example, that you are the King of England.

Eugen Bleuler

The Swiss physician who came up with the term schizophrenia and thought the disorder was due to the breaking of connections in the brain.

Brain Stem

A structure at the base of the brain that generates energy to maintain basic functions of living.

Brief Psychotic Disorder

A disorder characterized by symptoms such as hallucination, delusions and problems with thinking that lasts between one day and one month

Catatonic Behavior

A symptom of schizophrenia that usually involves greatly reduced motor activity.

Cell Assembly

A group of neurons in which a memory is stored.

Cortex

The thin layer of "gray matter" that covers the brain and where higher mental processes such as thinking take place.

Decline in Functioning

The one symptom that must be present for a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Delusional Disorder

A disorder characterized by the presence of one or more non-bizarre delusions.

Delusions

Incorrect beliefs that are held despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary.

Dementia Praecox

The original name for schizophrenia that means premature senility.

Disorganized Speech

A symptom of schizophrenia that makes it difficult to understand what persons with schizophrenia are saying.

Dopamine Explanation

The explanation for schizophrenia that revolves around the high level of a neurotransmitter.

Dopamine

The primary neurotransmitter in the nerve tracts that carry the electrical activity up to the cortex.

Downward Social Drift

An explanation for the fact that individuals with schizophrenia are more likely to be in the lower classes.

Flat Mood

A term to describe the mood of some individuals who suffer from schizophrenia.

Haldol

The second of the original neuroleptics to be developed.

Hallucinations

Hearing, seeing, smelling, felling, or tasting things that are not really there.

Hippocampus

A structure in the brain that plays an important role in memory and is smaller in many individuals with schizophrenia.

Emil Kraepelin

The German physician who thought that schizophrenia was premature senility and called it dementia praecox.

Learning of Symptoms

Teach people about their symptoms as a way to treat schizophrenia.

Limbic System

An are of the brain that produces bursts of electrical activity that lead to emotions and which sends activity up to the cortex.

Negative Symptoms

A term for symptoms such as flat mood, the inability to experience pleasant feelings, apathy and cognitive emptiness.

Neuroleptics

The term for the various drugs that are used to treat schizophrenia.

Nonbizarre Delusions

A firmly held belief concerning something that is conceivable but for which there is no evidence; for example, that you are being followed.

Positive Symptoms

A term for symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behaviors, and problems with thinking.

Prefrontal Cortex

An area at the front of the brain where thinking goes on and which is often smaller in persons with schizophrenia.

Psychoeducation

An approach to treating schizophrenia that involves teaching the patient about the disorder, how to reduce stress that might trigger symptoms, and how to cope with symptoms.

Psychotic

A term that means a diseased or abnormal mind and refers to serious disorders such as schizophrenia.

Schizoaffective Disorder

The combination of schizophrenia and a major mood disorder.

Schizophrenia

A disorder that lasts for six months or more and is characterized by symptoms such as hallucination, delusions, problems with thinking and deterioration in functioning

Schizophreniform Disorder

A disorder that last for more than a month but less than six months and is characterized by symptoms such as hallucination, delusions and problems with thinking.

Season of Birth Effect

The fact that persons who develop schizophrenia are more likely to be born in January, February and March.

Shared Psychotic Disorder

A disorder in which two people participate in the same delusion.

Stimulus Overload

A term that refers to the fact that some persons with schizophrenia are overwhelmed by sights, sounds, physical sensations, thoughts, and feeling because they cannot screen them out.

Subtypes of Schizophrenia

Paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual schizophrenias.

Tardive Dyskinesia

A side effect of neuroleptic drugs that involves uncontrollable twitching or jerking of the body.

Temporal Cortex

An area of the brain where language abilities are found and which is smaller in some persons who suffer from schizophrenia.

Thorazine

The first of the original neuroleptics.

Personality Disorders

Disorders that involve pervasive and persistent problems with hoDisorders that are organized in three different clusters. Odd or eccentric, erratic or emotions, and anxious or fearful.

Cluster A: Odd or Eccentric

Paranoid Personality Disorder, Schizoid Personality Disorder and Schizotypal Personality Disorder.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Odd or Eccentric: A disorder characterized by an unwarranted suspicion and mistrust of people that persists even when there is no evidence for those beliefs.

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Odd or Eccentric: A disorder characterized by lack of interest in other people or social relationships.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Odd or Eccentric: A disorder that has many of the symptoms of schizophrenia, but the symptoms are not severe enough to justify the diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Cluster B: Erratic or Emotional

Borderline Personality Disorder, Histrionic Personality Disorder, Narcissistic Personality Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder

Erratic or Emotional: A disorder that is characterized primarily by instability in interpersonal reaction-intermittent thought disturbances. Go quickly between passionate love and intense hate.

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Erratic or Emotional: A disorder in which the individual always wants to be the center of attention, acts in dramatic ways to attract attention, usually sexually seductive but has shifting and shallow emotions and is suggestible. Basically"actors"

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Erratic or Emotional: A disorder in which the individual has an exaggerated sense of self-importance, is preoccupied with fantasies of success, power, brilliance, or beauty, requires constant attention and admiration.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Erratic of Emotional: A disorder characterized by a lack of anxiety or guilt which causes individuals to engage in antisocial behaviors. Usually bright, socially skilled attractive people. Incapable of feeling anxiety or guilt.

Psychopath

An early term for a person with antisocial personality disorder; reflects a suspected physiological cause of the disorder.

Sociopath

A term previously used for a person with anti-social personality disorder; reflects a suspected social (family) cause of the disorder.

Cluster C: Anxious or Fearful

Avoidant Personality Disorder, Dependent Personality Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Anxious or Fearful: A disorder in which the individual is exceptionally sensitive to potential social rejection and the humiliation that goes with it. Low self-esteem and suffer from anxiety and depression.

Dependent Personality Disorder

Anxious or Fearful: A disorder in which the individual passively allows others to make decisions and actively avoids taking responsibility.

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Anxious or Fearful: A disorder in which the individual has high needs for perfection, order, and control and is preoccupied with getting organized and prepared.

Self-Mutilation

Engaging in behaviors that directly inflict physical harm on oneself; also knows as deliberate self-harm.

Adjustment Disorders

Disorders characterized by problems in adjusting to a stressor in the environment, resulting in symptoms such as depression, anxiety, or problems with conduct (behavior). Treated with psychotherapy or counseling.

Impulse-Control Disorders

Disorders characterized by an inability to resist an impulse to perform behaviors that are dangerous to others or to the individual. Intermittent Explosive Disorder, Kleptomania, Pyromania, Trichotillomania, Pathological Gambling.

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

An impulse-control disorder that involves repeated failures to resist acting aggressively and thereby causing harm to other people or destruction of property.

Kleptomania

An impulse-control disorder that involves repeated failure to resist the impulse to steal things that are not needed.

Pyromania

An impulse-control disorder that involves deliberate and repeated setting of fires in order to reduce tension and/or because of a fascination with fire.

Trichotillomania

An impulse-control disorder that involves intentionally pulling out one's hair.

Pathological Gambling

An impulse-control disorder that involves recurrent and persistent maladaptive gambling.

Treatment of Impulse-control Disorders

Caused by low levels of serotonin, so taking bicyclic antidepressant drugs like Prozac, Zoloft, ad Paxil, which block reuptake of serotonin.

Disruptive Behavior Disorders

A group of psychiatric disorders that includes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

A disruptive behavior disorder that involves problems with inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Must be present for at least 6 months, be present before the age of 7 and must be serious enough to interfere with social or academic functioning.

Treatments for ADHD

Physiological approach is the use of stimulants like Ritalin and Dexedrine. They increase activity in the inhibitory neurons of the brain.

Ritalin

A stimulant that is effective for treating ADHD

Conduct Disorder

A disruptive behavior disorder that involves a persistent pattern of misbehavior in which the individual is aggressive, destroys property, is deceitful, and breaks rules.

Treatment for Conduct Disorder

A drug that increases the levels of serotonin like fenfluramine. And also bicyclic antidepressant drugs that increases serotonin levels.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A disruptive behavior disorder in which children and adolescents often lose their tempers, argue with adults, refuse to comply with the requests of adults, deliberately annoy people, and are frequently angry, resentful, spiteful, or vindictive.

Pervasive Developmental Disorders

A group of psychiatric disorders that includes autistic, Asperger's, childhood disintegrative, and Rett's disorders; virtually all aspects of development are disrupted in these disorders

Autistic Disorder

A pervasive developmental disorder that involves extreme problems with social interaction, a greatly reduced ability to communicate, and a very limited range of interest and activities.

Echolalia

A response pattern seen in autistic disorder that involves the repeating back of words or phrases, like an echo.

High-Functioning individuals with autism

Individuals with autistic disorder whose symptoms are less severe than most other individuals with the disorder and who do not suffer from mental retardation.

Savant Syndrome

Condition characterized by the presence of one extraordinary ability in an autistic, mentally retarded, or normal individual.

Explanations for Autism

Increased size of amygdala and Basal Ganglia. Problems with dominance of the right temporal lobe. It is due to problems with brain development. A disorder known as fragile X syndrome.

Asperger's disorder

A pervasive developmental disorder that is similar to autism in that individuals have serious problems with social skills and very restricted interests and activities but that does not involve problems with communication or mental retardation.

Childhood Disintegrative Disorder

A pervasive developmental disorder in which development is normal for at least 2 years, but then sometime between the ages of 2 and 10 previously developed abilities begin to disintegrate rapidly.

Rett's Disorder

A pervasive developmental disorder that is similar to childhood disintegrative disorder in that development begins normally, but the decline in functioning begins at about 5 months of age and the disorder is limited to females.

Aversive Treatment

The use of punishment such as slapping children and giving them mildly painful shocks to stop self-injurious behaviors.

Enuresis

An elimination disorder in which the symptom is the failure to control urination.

Elimination Disorders

Involve problems with bowel and bladder control

Encopresis

An elimination disorder in which the symptom is the failure to control bowel movements.

Bell-and-Pad Procedure

An effective treatment for enuresis, involving an electrically wired pad which sounds a bell when wet.

Tics

Recurrent involuntary motor movements, which can be controlled briefly when attention is focused on them, but not otherwise.

Tic Disorders

Disorders in which tics result in serious psychological and physical problems.

Tourette's disorder

A tic disorder involving both motor and vocal tics.

Vocal Tics

Involuntary grunts, yelps, barks, and words that result rom sudden involuntary contractions of the muscles of the diaphragm.

Coprolalia

Syndrome that involves the involuntary uttering or yelling of obscenities

Learning Disorders

A set of developmental disorders consisting of reading, mathematics, and written expression disorders in which individuals have difficulty developing these skills despite normal intelligence.

Communication disorders

A set of developmental disorders consisting of expressive language, phonological, and stuttering disorders, in which individuals have difficulty with communication despite normal intelligence.

Motor skills disorder

Problems with motor skills despite normal intelligence.

About this deck

By: Daniel Lear
Textbook: Abnormal Psychology, Custom Edition
Created: 2011-04-12
Size: 99 flashcards
Views: 92

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis