AFDC to TANF

Social Work 206 with Lock at University of Wisconsin - Madison

About this deck

By: Ellen Ehlers
Textbook:

Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy (Research Navigator Edition, with Themes of the Times for Social Welfare Policy) (6th Edition)
Created: 2011-12-17
Size: 20 flashcards
Views: 17

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history

-1911---widows pensions=1st program of cash welfare

-1935--SS act establishes ADC

-grants small, administration local, work in exchange for aid

1069-1990---welfare reform. why?

-change in the basic family form (SHH and births to unmarried women)

-women entering the workforce increases dramatically

-explosive growth in entitlement spending (SS, medicare, medicaid)

-major growth in % of population receiving welfare

-participation rate in AFDC doubled

-increase in state spending on AFDC

-era of slow economic growth

-era of contracting budgets (tax revolts)

characteristics of AFDC

-cash to families

-modified state by state (eligibility and benefit levels)

-low levels of cash assistance

-an entitlement

-automatic eligibility of medicaid and other in kind benefits

-imposed modest work requirements

-JOBS=20% of recipients in a state be mandated to work

-provided modest work supports

-JOBS program mandated higher earnings disregard; transitional childcare and medicaid; job training, education, and community work experience

AFDC as a poverty program

-not really, but it served a minimal purpose

-didn't get people out of poverty but made it bearable

-ineffective?

-curse of mean testing (and "taxes" on work)

TANF changed AFDC in the following ways

-non entitlement, TANF is a block grant

-time limits are imposed (60 month max)

-work requirements are established for all recipients

-family caps are allowed by not mandated

-teen parents must be at home, and in school

-bonuses established to states to reduce out of wedlock births and increase marriage

-paternity establishment is made mandatory

-legal immigrants without citizenship are banned from support for 5 years

-child care expands funding by adding new pool of funding

critiques of AFDC from the right

-moral hazard

-AFDC undermines work ethic (cash grant more attractive than work)

-AFDC undermines marriage (alleviates father responsibility)

-Dependency (stay on welfare for a longer period of time)

-its expensive (more families break up to get benefits and costs of programs go up)

critiques of AFDC from the left

-insufficient support (benefits don't get families out of poverty , just alleviates it)
-poor social theory
-no long term plan--doesnt prevent poverty in the future
-doesn't address underlying factors of poverty
-difficulties of welfare moms to enter labor and move up in the market
-little transportation, no job search help, no continuing ed
-AFDC introduces negative externatlities

-tax on earned income

-benefits decrease as income goes up

welfare needs to be reformed

1. financial support of children in eligible families

2. care of young children (effect of work requirement policies)

3. family formation (decisions of men and women to marry and have kids)

4. dependency (reduce dependency on welfare system or on relationships)

5. work incentives (able bodied into labor market)

6. cheap labor

7 what can we afford?

final decision to reform was made on the basis of

more single parent HH

rising % of births to unmarried mothers

rising % of women in the labor force

should be more work oriented and drive the rolls down

right vs left

-low wage labor market is so crappy that people want to stay on welfare for rational reasons. expand or augment afdc

-make AFDC less desirable so that people will be forced into the labor market. end afdc

-lower bottom quintile didn't like afdc the most. they are working in low wage jobs

make welfare pay

-conservative

-time limit

-reduce benefits

-more rules/supervision

-mandate community work

help recipient become more competitive in labor market

-liberal

-education

-training

-supported work experience

ease the transition

-liberal

-transportation assistance

-extend food stamps and medicaid

-job search counseling

make work pay

-social democratic

-raise minimum wage

-universal national health care

-manages pro-jobs economic policies

-universal day care

personal responsibility and work opportunity reconciliation act (PRWORA)

1. provide assistance to needy families so they can be cared for in their own homes

2. end dependence on government benefits by promoting job prep, work, and marriage

3. prevent out of wedlock pregnancies

4. encourage formation of two parent families

reframes of afdc

-used to be about how state encourages work without hurting children but now welfare is around how state reduces dependency

-welfare used to be a small government program but now conservatives lumped together all types of welfare spending

effects of TANF

1. welfare rolls, people on welfare went way down

2. employment is up

-50% are continuously employed, other should be prepared better

3. poverty among SHH and welfare leavers is somewhat down

-no evidence that reform=more women out of poverty

-spending and percent enrolled in TANF have decreased

conservative measures of success

-rates of reduction of welfare roles

-rates of employment among welfare recipients

liberal measure of success

-rates of long term employment

-rates of former recipients getting out of poverty, not just getting a job

devolution

-more autonomy and discretion to the states on administration of welfare programs

About this deck

By: Ellen Ehlers
Textbook:

Social Welfare: Politics and Public Policy (Research Navigator Edition, with Themes of the Times for Social Welfare Policy) (6th Edition)
Created: 2011-12-17
Size: 20 flashcards
Views: 17

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj