AFRICA

StudyBlue printing of AFRICA html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; outline: 0; font-size: 100%; background: transparent; } body { line-height: 1; } blockquote, q { quotes: none; } blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; } /* remember to define focus styles! */ :focus { outline: 0; } /* remember to highlight inserts somehow! */ ins { text-decoration: none; } del { text-decoration: line-through; } /* tables still need 'cellspacing="0"' in the markup */ table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } /* end RESET */ .header { min-width:800px; } .logo { padding:6px 20px 2px 20px; margin:0; font-size:25px; font-weight:bold; color:#808285; position:relative; border-bottom: 1px solid #c5c5c5; } .logo-blue { color:#70adc4; } .logo-desc { font-weight:normal; font-size:19px; color:#cccccc; margin-top:50px; position:absolute; display: none; } .back-button { position:absolute; top:20px; right:20px; font-size:13px; line-height:25px; color:rgb(0,175,225); font-weight:normal; } .back-button a { color:rgb(0,175,225); } .instructions { padding:0; margin:0; width:100%; position:relative; color:rgb(100,100,100); } .step-holder { border-left:1px solid #ededed; margin-left:20px; } .steps { padding:15px 0; float:left; width:24%; border-right:1px solid #ededed; text-align:center; } .steps-01 { } .steps-02 { } .steps-03 { } .steps-04 { } .label { padding:5px 10px; } .print-button { } .print-button a { background-color:rgb(0,175,225); color:white; line-height: 19px; padding:9px 8px 5px 30px; font-size:14px; text-decoration:none; background-image: url(images/printer.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 7px 50%; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; } .print-button a:hover { background-color:black; } .theNote .content { width: 8.0in !important; margin: 5px auto; padding:20px; background-color:white; } .theNote .header { border-bottom: 1px dashed #C8C8C8; font-size: 17px; padding: 0 0 10px; line-height: 19px; color: #00ADE1; min-width:500px; } .theNote .body { font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; padding: 10px 0; } .theNote{ padding:6px 0; clear:both; background-color: rgb(200,200,200); } .theNote h3{ color: rgb(100,100,100); } .theNote h1, .theNote h3{ background-color:white; padding:2px 20px; width:8.0in !important; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1{ padding-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1:first-child{ font-size: 20px; } .theNote h3 { font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; } #options { border: 3px double #ccc; padding: 5px 12px; margin: 10px 50px 10px 20px; float: left; } #info { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; padding-top: 5px; font-style: italic; } li { margin: 5px 10px 5px 25px; } ul li { list-style: disc; } ol li { list-style: decimal; } img { border: 0; } table { clear: both; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; border-width: 1px 0; margin: 0; page-break-after: always; } table#page { page-break-after: auto; } td { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #c5c5c5; height: 1.75in; width: 50%; padding-left: 15px; } .leftside { border-right: 1px solid #cccccc; padding: 0 15px 0 0; } .bottom td { border-bottom: none; } .clearfix { clear:both; line-height:1px; height:1px; } img { max-width:80%; max-height:150px; margin:20px; } @media print {.header { display: none; } .content .header{ display:inherit; } table { border: 1px dashed #bbb; border-width: 1px 0; } .theNote{ background-color:white; } } Complex Societies In Africa Primary- developed on their own (Such as Egypt) Secondary- emerge out of contact with other states (such as Rome) -Secondary develops generally from trade and shared ideas. They get these new ideas, and these are NOT imitation- they do not reproduce or copy. They emulate the ideas- they borrow Secondary States Main idea is trade. gives them wealth, gives them ideas. Chiefs have new forms of power, and power is used to be kings (quick increase in wealth) Nubia Developed through trade. They had access to elephants- used to hunt for ivory. Nubia had constant contact with the Egyptians. They were depicted in Egyptian art, were in Egyptian army and ect. Became so powerful in 671 BC, they conquered Egypt's capitol Meroe: Nubia's Capital -Not imitating Egyptian art, but emulating it - Depicted their own gods, but in the Egyptian style -They also built pyramids as well. - Used Egyptian hieroglyphs They did not take Egyptians religion, but the took certain things for their own ways of living. Nubian Woman Seemed to have a great deal of power. Some ruled as queens. -Iron-working and African states -Iron-working spread to West Africa by the 4th Century BC Collapse of Meroe, Nubia -trade eventually declined, this weakened them, and they were later later conquered - Whenever economy is based on one thing, and that declines, then its a big problem. West Africa Salt mines made their economy flourish. Created a lot of wealth, increase in power. Jenne Jenno Took the Islamic culture, but infused it into their culture. Not so strict however. Tinbukto Has the library of Islamic culture, big city, great trade city East Africa Focused mostly on a coast;e trade. Very dependent on the wind direction. They changed depending on the seasons. People traded directly with Islamic merchants They spoke Banto language- combined with Islamic religion. Take the Arabic scripts, with these combined through trade and interactions, made Swahili. They still sail on these same crafts- rather difficult to sail. Great Zimbabwe It WAS a British Colony. The people on the coast traded directly with the Indies, and then they traded with Zimbabwe. They did not have direct contact with the Islamic culture. - Got China's gold - Syrian glass However not everyone had access to these goods, only the elites had access. This was in order to maintain power. GOLD -melted, formable -rare -does not tarnish -HIGH LABOR TO FIND- requires lots of sifting, grinding rock, ect. The Elites became kings, became wealthy through trade. Built a wall, like a gated community- to keep people out. Power and wealth came through trade. Collapse of Great Zimbabwe The trade routs moved north, hence the trade was no longer available to Zimbabwe. Problem of being focused on ONE source of revenue and power, that source dries up, and conflict and chaos ensues. The Colonist/ British believed that this was built by white people. Very racist. Fit perfectly with their colonist ambition; if this is proof people of white we here first, than they have the ability to claim this land. Thankfully people today now know and accept the fact this was built by the African Ancestors.