Animal Kingdom (Chapter 29-31)

-means little rings

-segmented worms

-metamere = a segement

-body wall, coelom, and many internal organs are divided into segements/repeated in segements

-means many bristles

-marine and freshwater

-sandworms and tubeworms

-pair of parapodia per segment (look like paddles)

-many setae on each parapodia (little bristles) for anchoring

-few bristles

-earthworms

-some marine

-have setae

-aerate the soil, nitrogenous wasts, --important to plants

-leeches

-mainly freshwater

-no parapodia

-no setae

-mostly blood feeders (75%) but all fluid feeders

-wheel animals

-anterior crown of cilia

-cilia beat to look like wheet

-very small

-mostly freshwater

All molt

Phylums Nemotoda, and Arthropoda

-roundworms

-bilaterally symmetrical

-pseudocoelomates

-cuticle (nonliving outer layer; protect from dessication, molting has to occur)

-everywhere (marine, freshwater, terrestrial)

-decomposing and recycling soil

-parasites in plants and animals

-e.g. hookworms; intestine, feed on blood

-e.g. trichinella spiralis; trichanosis; improperly cooked pork

-e.g. pinworm; day cares

-e.g. heartworm; dogs; transmitted by mosquitos

-means jointed foot

-largest phylum of animals

-most diverse, biologically successful

-coelomates

-jointed appendages

-jointed exoskeleton (layers of chitin, a N containing polysacharide and protein) (provides a place for muscle attachment)

-head, thorax (legs and wings), abdomen

-open circulatory system

-brain and ventral nerve cord

-may have well devloped sense organs

Trilobitomorpha

Myripoda

Chelicerata

Crustacea

Hexapoda

-ancestral

-extinct

-many species

Class Chilopoda

Class Diplopoda

-centepedes

-1 pair leg per segement

-terrestrial carnivores

-poison claws on trunk segements (1st behind head)

-millipedes

-2 pairs of legs per segement

-herbivores, scavangers

-no poison claws

-cephalothorax

-chilicarae (claw like appendages; food; anterior to head)

Class Meristomata

Class Arachnida

-marine

-mandibles (food)

-2 pair antennae (sense organs)

-Class Malacostraca

-six feet

-wings = extensions of cuticle

-only flying invertebrates

-compound eyes

-traceal system (tubes; highly branched with chitin; gas exchange)

Class Insecta

-radial and indeterminant cleavage

-blastopore develops into anus

-means spiny skin

-all marine

-pentaradial

-endoskeleton-CaCO3 with spiney projections

-no brain (nerve tissue ring

-water vascular system (food, exchange)

-tube feet (water vascular system, little branches off system, filled with sea water)

-ampula at base of each tube foot (operates it, muscular sac)

-Classes Asteroidea, Class Echinoidea, Class Holothorodea

-sea stars

-carnivores

-prey on mollusks

-tube feet

-eversible stomachs

-sea urchins, sand dollars

-no arms

-rows of tube feet

-sea cucumbers

-rows of tube feet

-acorn worms

-live buried in mud/sand

-ring of cilia around mouth/gut surface

-Tri

-Coelomates

-Endoskeleton

-closed circulatory

-segmented body

-Everyone shown at some point in life cycle

-Notochord

-muscular postanal tail

-dorsal hollow nerve cord

-pharyngeal gill slits

-firm but flexible

-longtitudinal supporting rod

-between gut and nerve cord

-internal skeleton in all chordate animals

-remains in some adults

-forerunner of backbone

-other non chordates usually have a ventral solid nerve cord

-develops into CNS

-pharyngeal = throat

-ancestral trait (probably involved in filter feeding)

-Urochordata

-Cephalochordata

-Vertebra

-marine

-sea squirts and tunicates

-lancets (fish like)