This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Chapter Twelve: Using Words Well: Speaker Language and Style Steven A. Beebe & Susan J. Beebe Public Speaking: AN AUDIENCE-CENTERED APPROACH 6/e Microsoft Image Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Using Words Well: Speaker Language and Style A speech is poetry; cadence, rhythm, imagery, sweep! A speech reminds us that words, like children, have the power to make dance the dullest beanbag of a heart. - Peggy Noonan Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Oral Versus Written Language Oral Style is More Personal You and Your Audience Can Interact Your Warmth and Contact Affect Speech Microsoft Image Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Oral Versus Written Language Oral Style is Less Formal Shorter Words and Phrases Less Complex Sentence Structure Less Precise Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Oral Versus Written Language Oral Style is More Repetitive Previews of Main Ideas Ideas Developed in Body of Speech Summarize Ideas in Conclusion Microsoft Image Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Using Words Effectively Use Specific, Concrete Words Appeal to One of Our Five Senses Ladder of Abstraction Use Simple Words Use Words Correctly Understand Grammatical Rules Understand Connotation and Denotation Microsoft Image Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Using Words Effectively Figure 12.1 ?Ladder of Abstraction? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Adapting Language Style to Diverse Listeners Use Language Audience Understands Ethnic Vernacular Regionalisms Jargon Standard U.S. English ?Standard? English not Right or Wrong Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Adapting Language Style to Diverse Listeners Use Appropriate Language Offensive Language Antagonizes Audience Derogatory Language Negatively Affects Audience View of Speaker Use Unbiased Language Sexist vs. Unbiased Inclusive Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Crafting Memorable Word Structures Creating Figurative Images Metaphors and Similes Personification Microsoft Image Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Crafting Memorable Word Structures Creating Drama Use a Short Sentence for Vital Thought Use Omission Reverse Normal Word Order Use Verbal Suspension Microsoft Image Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Crafting Memorable Word Structures Creating Cadence Parallelism Antithesis Repetition Alliteration Microsoft Image Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Tips for Using Language Effectively Do Not Overdo It Save Stylistic Devices for Key Ideas Use Short Words ? More Forceful Use Stylistic Devices to Economize Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006
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