Beginning of the Fist Crusade

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Beginning of the First Crusades Seljuk Turks -war with Byzantines -taxes on pilgrims Alexius Comenus Pope urban II Call for Crusade Adhemar - the pope's agent and is there to look after the pope's best interests Focus on nobles and their followers II. The People's Crusade Peter the Hermit - had a believe that the end of the world was coming soon and in order for this to happen, they would have to get and get the people of Jerusalem - for 50, 000 people to join his crusade - Peter's crusade sparked a mass increase in anti-Semitism Walter Sans Avoir -leader of one of these popular armies - Walter's men are usually actual knights who can fight Anti-Semitism - attacks on Jews in Speyer, Worms, Mainz, and Cologne Count Emicho -killed of the bands of jews in Cologne - headed on to Hungary where the king of HUngary told him he couldn't cross. He spends his time fighting Hungarians and fail and is forced to go back home People's armies reach Constantinople - everyone reached Constantinople, except Emicho Killed by Turks III. Crusading Armies Multiple crusading armies Godfrey & Baldwin of Bouillon -flemish army Raymond of Toulouse - Languedoc -Adhemar with him Bohemund of Taranto & Tancred -normans from Italy Rough start with Byzantines Promise of Fealty -to Alexis - said that all of the land they conquered would go back to Alexis IV. Battle Begins Siege of Nicaea Rum Baldwin conquers Edessa Siege of Antioch Kerbogah of Mosul Alexis turns back Peter Bartholomew - says sacred lancehead that pierced Christ's side is in Antioch Bohemund vs. Raymond - debate whose going to have control of the city - crusaders go off into 2 sides and you go wherever you chose to side with Adhemar dies Attack Marra - ends in selling most of the residents into slavery Attack on Arqa - conquered the city - saw the end of the Peter B. saga ("saw a number of things aka the lancehead) People started to lose faith in him Crusades vs. Fatimid Egyptians - hoping to push back the crusaders and keep Jerusalem Jerusalem Godfrey- "Defender of the Holy Sepulcher" - had been competing with Raymond for the crown - defender of the holy sepulcher instead of a king (same powers as a king) Latin Patriarch appointed - a new bishop of the Roman Catholic church Bohemund vs. the Byzantines V. Results Creation of Crusader States -Outremer - Franks and Saracens Distrust between byzantines and Latinos Increased trade with Italy MIlitary- religious orders - Templars *make sure that the pilgrims aren't going to be attacked [both the Templars and *founded in Jerusalem the Hospitalers take - Hospitalers on the role of bankers] *founded in Jerusalem at St. John's Hospital Increased anti- semitism VI.