Book Notes for Ch. 2: atoms and elements

Chemistry 141 with Pollock at Michigan State University

About this deck

By: Kristine Osentoski
Textbook:

Chemistry : The Practical Science
Created: 2009-02-09
Size: 33 flashcards
Views: 0

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the atomic mass of an element
(1 answer)

a weighted average of all naturally occurring isotopes of that element

Benjamin Frnaklin suggested the terms positive and negative for the two types of electric charge
(1 answer)

Michael Faraday published accounts of his experiments in electrolysis that lead to the ideaof a fundamental particle of electricity associated with atoms

atomic weight
(1 answer)

the atomic mass of an element

the neutron
(1 answer)

the third subatmoic particle

some elements have only one stable isotope
(1 answer)

other elements have many isotopes

a groups are teh main groups
(1 answer)

b groups contain the transition elements

the periodic table
(2 answers)

an arrangement of the elements so that those with similar properties liei n vertical columns called groups
divided into two main regions

one atomic mass unit
(1 answer)

1/122th the mass of a carbon atom with six protons, six neutrons, and six electrons

this number is called the atomic number (Z)
(1 answer)

it identifies an element

because negative and positive charges attract on eanother and like charges repel each other, Thomson envisioned th atom as a homogeneous mix of positive and negative matter
(1 answer)

Ernest Rutehrford tested thsi model by irecting a beam of particles at a thin sheet of gold an dsome bounced back

proposed a nuclear model fo rthe atom
(1 answer)

a very small positively chargedc nucleus at teh center containing protons and neutrons responsible for virtually the entire mass of the atom surronuded by the negative electrons taking up almost the netire volume of the atom

the proton
(2 answers)

the fundamental positive particle
observed in cathode ray tubes containing hydrgen gas

atomic number and atomic mass
(3 answers)

all atomso f an element have the same numbero f protons int he nucleus
one atomic mass unit
the sum of the number of protons and number of neutrons int he nucleus of an atom is called teh mass number (A)

the nonmetals
(1 answer)

metalloids are on the boudnary between these two regions

in 1803, an Engilsh mathematics teacher called John Dalton revived the idea that the fudnamental particl eof all matter is the atom
(1 answer)

a particle he thought to bei ndividisble

an arrangement of the elements so that those with similar properties liei n vertical columns called groups
(1 answer)

groups are numbered 1 through 8 with a letter a or b

although stoms of the same element must have the same number of proton in the nucleus, they may have different number of neutrons
(1 answer)

the atomic number for an element is always the same but hte mass number may vary

Atoms and Elements
(5 answers)

protons, electrons, and neutrons; atomic structure
atomic number and atomic mass
isotopes
atomic weight
the periodic table

Michael Faraday published accounts of his experiments in electrolysis that lead to the ideaof a fundamental particle of electricity associated with atoms
(1 answer)

fundamental particle called an electron by Johnstone Stoney

early experiments in radioactivity and the discovery of three types of radiation led Marie Curie to suggest that atoms could indeed disintegrate into smaller particles
(1 answer)

the actual electrical charge on an electron and its mass were finally established by Robert Millikan in his oil drop experiment

the third subatmoic particle
(3 answers)

discovered by James Chadwick
this aprticle has no charge
has a mass slightly greater than a proton

divided into two main regions
(2 answers)

th emetals
the nonmetals

isotopes
(1 answer)

atoms of the same element with differing numbers of neutrons

isotopes
(3 answers)

although stoms of the same element must have the same number of proton in the nucleus, they may have different number of neutrons
some elements have only one stable isotope
the mass and relative abundances of the various isotopes of an element can be obtained from a mass spectrometer

metalloids are on the boudnary between these two regions
(1 answer)

most of the elements are metals

Ernest Rutehrford tested thsi model by irecting a beam of particles at a thin sheet of gold an dsome bounced back
(1 answer)

proposed a nuclear model fo rthe atom

the atomic number for an element is always the same but hte mass number may vary
(1 answer)

isotopes

protons, electrons, and neutrons; atomic structure
(6 answers)

in 1803, an Engilsh mathematics teacher called John Dalton revived the idea that the fudnamental particl eof all matter is the atom
the existence of electric charge was one of the first indication s that particles smaller than atoms existed
early experiments in radioactivity and the discovery of three types of radiation led Marie Curie to suggest that atoms could indeed disintegrate into smaller particles
the proton
the neutron
because negative and positive charges attract on eanother and like charges repel each other, Thomson envisioned th atom as a homogeneous mix of positive and negative matter

the existence of electric charge was one of the first indication s that particles smaller than atoms existed
(1 answer)

Benjamin Frnaklin suggested the terms positive and negative for the two types of electric charge

b groups contain the transition elements
(1 answer)

periods: the horizontal rows

fundamental particle called an electron by Johnstone Stoney
(1 answer)

Joseph J. Thomson announced experiments using cathode ray tubes and the existence of chraged particles considreably smaller than atoms

all atomso f an element have the same numbero f protons int he nucleus
(1 answer)

this number is called the atomic number (Z)

groups are numbered 1 through 8 with a letter a or b
(1 answer)

a groups are teh main groups

About this deck

By: Kristine Osentoski
Textbook:

Chemistry : The Practical Science
Created: 2009-02-09
Size: 33 flashcards
Views: 0

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
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