Catholic Church

1. On November 14th, 2002, Pope John Paul II was to address 800 lawmakers and national leaders. It was the 1st time the Catholic Church ever made an appearance in the Italian Parliament.
2. Lateran Treaty- was a compromise between the Vatican and the Italian government. It was negotiated by Benito Mussolini, the Italian dictator, and was signed.
3. Pope John Paul II- a native of Poland opposed communism and reached out to Catholics in Poland and communist bloc countries to undermine communism. He died on April 2, 2005 to then bring about Pope Benedict XVI.

1. Multinational Corporation (MNC)- is generally defined as a national company that has many foreign subsidiaries; or a company that operates in more than one country and depends on interdependence for the operation of its enterprise.
2. Transnational Corporations- are organizations with a global outlook and operations. These are structurally different from MNCs because its organized as a global entity.
3. The British East India Company- was established under a royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I for the purpose of spice trading; it launched British rule of India.
4. The Dutch West India Company- was trading and colonizing company, chartered by the States-General of the Dutch republic in 1621 and organized in 1623.

is the integration of markets, politics, values, and environmental concerns across borders

1. a political and economic situation in which two states are simultaneously dependent on each other for their well-being.

1. Everyone shares a sense of mutual vulnerability because of the sharing of raw materials, security, etc.

1. Revolutions in communications, transportation plays a crucial role in shrinking distances and in creating greater interdependence.
2. Military and medical advances in technology have also driven globalization. It allows for consolidation of power.
3. The Cold War- the hostile relations between the two superpowers, the U.S. and the U.S.S.R., after WWII from 1945 to 1990.
4. The Financial Market Expansion- is the global expansion of national markets.

1. The availability of finance encouraged more economic interactions, innovation, entrepreneurship, and the development of new technologies.
2. These new technologies made it easier to conduct trade, migrate, conquer territories, and resist diseases.