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Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 1 Nutritional Health Status p.13 ? Desirable Nutrition ?ample nutrient stores ? Undernutrition ?Reduced biochemical functions ?Clinical signs & symptoms appear ? Overnutrition ?Obesity ?Supplement overuse Table 1-3 Table 1-5 This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 2 ABCDEs of Nutritional Assessment Anthropometric Biochemical Clinical Dietary Information Environmental Status Figure 1-7Measuring Nutritional Status Figure 1-8Health Problems Associated with Poor Dietary Habits This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 3 Cholesterol: from food & family Example of drug, Vytorin, that affects the dietary and genetic causes of high cholesterol CHECK OUT THIS WEBSITE:Vytorin.com Figure 1-9 Proportions of nutrients Genetics and Nutrition: Is There A Relationship? Genes: ? contain information (DNA) ? directs growth, development, maintenance of cell ? control expression of individual traits ? control susceptibility to some diseases (mutated genes) Nutrition may contribute to risk This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 4 Figure 1.10 A medical family tree can help trace your genetic risk of diseases PINK CIRCLES: CANCER RED CIRCLES: HEART DISEASE Nutrition & Genetics Builds on premises that ? Diet and dietary components can alter risk of disease development by modulating multiple processes ? Food components can act on the human genome, directly or indirectly, to alter gene expression ? Diet could potentially compensate for or accentuate effects of genetic mutations ? Consequences of diet are dependent on balance of health and disease states and on individual?s genetic background Gaining Scientific Nutrition Knowledge(The Scientific Method) ? Hypothesis is generated ? From Epidemiology Studies (Studies of disease trends in populations) ? Experiments are designed ?Laboratory animal studies ?Human experiments ? Case-control study ? Double-blind study ? Peer Review of Results and Follow-up Studies This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 5 Heinz marketing strategy changes as lycopene's health benefits are downplayed Tuesday, July 17, 2007By Bill Toland, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette Figure 1-11 Figure 1-11 The Scientific Method This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 6 Figure 1.7 Figure 1-12 This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 7 Evaluating Nutrition Claims, Products and Advice FROM: Magazines, Websites, Advertisements, Books. Supplement Packages, Diet Products, etc. Nutrition Information: Fact vs. Fiction (Myths?) Be suspicious of nutrition information if: ? Promises a quick fix ? Claims sound too good to be true ? List of good & bad foods ? Recommendations made to sell a product ? Based on studies published without peer review Nutrition Accuracy in Popular Magazines AMERICAN COUNCIL ON SCIENCE AND HEALTH These magazines had relatively high nutrition accuracy->80% This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 8 Thank Goodness for ShapeWorks?! I lost 20 pounds and five inches in just two months. I regained my energy and began working out again. Testimonial Example: Unbelievable weight loss - would be more than 2 pounds per week! Stanley KossBEFORE:280 pounds AFTER:172 poundsTOTAL LOST:108 pounds Janet DeBuskBEFORE:280 pounds AFTER:137 poundsTOTAL LOST:143 pounds RayeLynn ThomasBEFORE:350 pounds AFTER:180 poundsTOTAL LOST:170 pounds Losing weight doesn't get any easier! Enjoy delicious, hunger-controlling shakes, meals and snacks, as you achieve your ideal weight effortlessly. Your own personal ShapeWorks?coach will guide you through 3 easy to follow paths to better health. ShapeWorks?Weight Loss Programs Testimonial Examples: Unbelievable claims! Buying Nutrition-Related Products Dietary Supplements This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 9 Dietary Supplement Health Education Act(DSHEA, 1994) (pages 28) ? Classifies vitamins, minerals, amino acids, & herbal supplements as ?foods? not ?drugs? ? Restricts FDA oversight of dietary supplements ? Allows vague claims on labels of how nutrient affects structure/function ? Disease-related claims need FDA approval ? Label must include FDA disclaimer Figure 1.8 FDA Disclaimer Structure function claim Suggested Use Name and address of manufacturer Product and amount Suggested serving size Label must include this FDA Disclaimer: ?This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease? ? Many people still buy the products This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 10 Latest FDA Ruling ? June 22, 2007 FDA Issues Dietary Supplements Final Rule ? The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today announced a final rule establishing regulations to require current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) for dietary supplements. ? The rule ensures that dietary supplements ? are produced in a quality manner, ? do not contain contaminants or impurities ? are accurately labeled. Dietary supplements cause 600 'adverse events' ? Serious side effects from the use of food supplements resulted in 604 "adverse-event" reports ?a list that includes at least five deaths ?through the first six months that such accounts have been required by law. ? Sept 23, 2008 ? Also check out UTubevideo at http://www.metacafe.com/watch/1331471/christian_boeving_bigger_stronger_faster/ Supplement SavvyHow should we get our vitamins & minerals? Start with: Healthy diet (also contains fiber, phytochemicals, essential fatty acids) Add:Fortified foods (e.g. breakfast cereals, bars ) Use:Multivitamin/mineral supplement if diet is poor (men: no iron) Take:Individual supplements only if deficient (e.g. calcium, iron) This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com Chapter 1, Lecture 2 HUMN NTR 310D-Spring 2009 Dr. Anne Smith 11 Getting Nutrition-Related Advice Who are the Nutrition Experts? Check credentials ?Registered Dietitians (R.D.) ? Only regulated nutrition credential ?M.S. or Ph.D. in Nutrition pages 29 This watermark does not appear in the registered version - http://www.clicktoconvert.com