Ch 16

Biology 1060 with Harris at East Carolina University

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By: Katherine White
Created: 2010-12-11
Size: 44 flashcards
Views: 20

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2 sorces provide 73% of the country's energy and virtually all its electricity

1. geothermal energy

2. hydropower

splitting hydrogen from oxygen and using the hydrogen to power fuel cells that would produce and store energy

electrolysis

6 renewable alternatives

1. biomass 2. hydropower 3. solar 4. wind 5. geothermal 6. ocean energy

70% of electricity generated from renewables in the united states comes from

hydropower

3 energy sources grown faster that overall energy supply

1. wind

2. solar

3. geothermal

consists of organic material that makes up living organisms

biomass

3 soruces of biomass energy

1. wood

2. charcoal from burned wood

3. combustible animal waste products

up to 90% of fuelwood, charcoal, and manure account for energy source in

developing nations

2 primary developed biofuels

1. ethanol

2. biodiesiel

`generating heat or electicity

biopower

biomass sources converted into fuels

biofuels

most ethanol is produced from

corn

fuel produced from vegetable oil, used cooking grease, or animal fat

biodiesel

biomass combined with caol

co-firing

the anaerobic bacterial breakdown of waste in landfills produces

methane and other components called "landfill gas"

process in wihich biomass is vaporized at high temperatures i n the absence of oxygen, creating a gaseous mixture including hydrogen, CO, CO2, methane

gasification

__ produces a mix of solids , gases, and liquids

pyrolysis

4 benefits of biomass energy

1. less carbon

2. inexpensive

3.less sulfer dioxide

4. less nitrogen oxide

5 downfalls of bioengery

1.indoor air pollution

2. deforestation

3. land intensive to cultivate biofuel crops

4. competes with food production

5. 1.5:1 EROI

use enzymes to produce ethanol form the cellulose that gives structure to plant material

cellulosic ethanol

kinetic energy of moving water to turn turbines and generate electricity

hydroelectic power

2 approaches to hydropower

1. storage

2. run-of-river approach

we generate electricity without greatly disrupting the flow of river water

run-of-river approach

3 benefits of hydropower

1. renewable

2. clean

3. 10:1

4 negative impacts of hydropower

1. alterin riverine habitate

2. disrupting natural flooding cycles and sediment deposition

3. causing thermal pollution of downstream waters

4. reducing fish populaitons and aquatic biodiversity

2 reasons why hydropower is less likely to expand

1. world's large rivers are already dammed

2. pepole have grown more aware of the impacts of dams

building are designed and building material are chosen to maximmize direct absorption of sunlight in winter

passive solar energy collection

makes use of technology to focus, move, or store energy

active solar energy collection

convert sunlight to electrical energy directly by making use of the photovoltaic or photoelectric effect

photovoltaic cells

5 solar benefits

no fuel

quiet and safe

no moving parts

little maintenance

no turbine or generator

2 solar drawbacks

cost and location

mechanical assemblies that convert winds kinetic energy into electrical energy

wind turbines

wind blwoing into a turbine turns the bladdes of athe rotor, which rottate the machinery inside a compartment called

nacelle

wind pwer supplies over 20 percent of this nations electicity needs

denmark

4.benefits of wind power

no emissions

23:1

used on many scales

landowners can lease land for wind development

3 negatives of wind power

varies from time to time and place to place

people object due to aesthetic reasons

threat to birds and bats

geothermal soruces provide moere pwer than __ and __ combined but only a fraction of __ and __

wind and solar

hydropower and biomass

3 countries lead the world in geothermal use

japan china and us

1 benefit of geothermal power

reduced emisisons

1 neg of geothermal power

laced with salts and minerals that corrode equipment and pollute the air

2 approaches to ocena thermal energy conversion

1. warm surface water is piped into a facitlity to evaporate chemicals that turn turbines to generat eelectricity

2. warm surface water is evaporated in a vacuum, the steam turnes turbines and then condensed by cold water

the process that splits hydrogen atoms form the oxygen atoms of water molecules

electolysis

3 neg of hydrogen

lack of infrastructure

price

deplete stratospheric ozone

4 pos of hydrogen

never run out

clean and non toxic

energy efficient

silent and nonpolluting

About this deck

By: Katherine White
Created: 2010-12-11
Size: 44 flashcards
Views: 20

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj