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- Psychology 445
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- Ch 2 Paradigms Notes
Ch 2 Paradigms Notes
Psychology 445 with Perkins at University of Louisiana at Lafayette
About this deck
By: Alyssa Schwartzenburg
Created: 2012-02-01
Size: 59 flashcards
Views: 5
Created: 2012-02-01
Size: 59 flashcards
Views: 5
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heritable
almost all behavior is _________ to some degree
environment
genes do not operate in isolation from the ________
ovum
female reproductive cell
zygote
fertilized egg
46
humans have this many chromosomes
20,000 - 25,000
the human genome consists of this many genes
heritability
this is relevant only for a large population, not a particular individual
0.0 - 1.0
this is the range for heritability estimates
shared
the unique environmental experiences have much more to do with the development of mental illness than the _______ experiences
promoters
gene expression involves these particular types of DNA
transcription factors
promoters are recognized by these particular proteins
SNPs
these are the most common types of polymorphisms in the human genome
de novo
spontaneous
knockout studies
when a particular gene is "knocked out" of the subject's (animal's) system
5-HTT
the serotonin transporter gene
depression
those people who report more severe stressful life events and have at least one short allele of the 5-HTT gene are at greater risk of developing this
epigenetic
above or outside the gene
dependent life events
appear to be influenced by genes more than by random bad luck
cell body, dendrites, axon(s), terminal buttons
the four main parts of a neuron
synaptic vesicles
small structures that are filled with neurotransmitters
meninges
the three protective layers of membranes enveloping the brain
the cortex
comprised of gray matter (six layers of tightly packed neurons ~16 billion)
gyri
ridges in the cortex
sulci or fissures
the depressions in the cortex
occipital lobe
vision is associated with this
temporal lobe
discrimination of sounds is associated with this
frontal lobe
reasoning, problem solving, working memory, emotional regulation associated with this
in nuclei
sets of nerves converge and messages are integrated from different centers
basal ganglia
helps regulate starting and stopping both motor and cognitive activity
pons
contains tracts that connect the cerebellum with the spinal cord and with motor areas of the cerebrum
medulla oblongata
serves as the main line of traffic for tracts ascending from the spinal cord and descending from the higher centers of the brain
limbic system
outdated term for the mostly subcortical structures supporting the visceral and physical expressions of emotion
quickest
areas of the brain linked to sensory processes develop __________
schizophrenia
people with this are found to have enlarged ventricles of the brain
hippocampus
people with PTSD, depression, and schizophrenia are found to have a ________ that is reduced in size
corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)
when people are faced with threats, the hypothalamus releases this
adrenal cortex
this area promotes the release of the hormone cortisol
20-40 min ; up to an hour
the time it takes for cortisol release to peak; time it takes for cortisol to return to baseline level
reductionism
the view that whatever is being studied can and should be reduced to its most basic elements of constituents
the Stroop task
asking someone to say the color of ink that is used to print a word rather than the printed word, which is the name of a color
implicit memory
the concept that a person can be influenced by prior learning without being aware of it
information-processing biases
the attention, interpretation, and recall of negative and positive information in a biased form for those suffering from depression
Aaron Beck
leading cognitive behavior therapist who developed a cognitive therapy for depression based on the idea that depressed mood is caused by distortions in the way people perceive life experiences
affects
short-lasting emotional feelings
moods
emotional experiences that endure for a longer period of time
expressive/behavioral
this component of emotion typically refers to facial expressions of emotion
experience
this component of emotion refers to how someone reports he or she feels at any given moment or in response to some event
physiological
this component of emotion involves changes in the body
ideal affect
the kinds of emotional states that a person ideally wants to feel
depression
this is nearly twice as common among women as among men
hikikomori
a Japanese term referring to a condition where a person completely withdraws from his social world
social neuroscience
seeks to understand what happens in the brain during complex social situations
John Bowlby
first proposed attachment theory
Mary Ainsworth
developed a method to measure attachment styles in infants for attachment theory
relational self
according to social psychologists, the self in relation to others
unresolved grief
experiencing delayed or incomplete grieving following a loss
diathesis-stress concept
introduced in the 1970's as a way to account for the multiple causes of schizophrenia
stress
some noxious or unpleasant environmental stimulus that triggers psychopathology
psychopathology
a major feature of the diathesis-stress paradigm is that _________ is unlikely to result from the impact of any single factor
About this deck
By: Alyssa Schwartzenburg
Created: 2012-02-01
Size: 59 flashcards
Views: 5
Created: 2012-02-01
Size: 59 flashcards
Views: 5
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy