Ch. 27 Flashcards

History 102 with Abdalla at University of South Carolina - All Campuses

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By: Tierney Hohman
Created: 2012-02-28
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 5

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The Great Depression

The dependence of the European economy on U.S. bank loans to Germany that came to an end when the U.S. stock market crashed
The most serious economic problem that had important political consequences was the very high levels of unemployment; a major trend in response to the Depression was increased government spending and controls to improve and stabilize economic conditions

Stock Market Crash Oct 29, 1929

Postwar economic system depended on U.S. bank loans to Germany (international agreements)

U.S. investors rapidly withdrawing capital from Germany in search of higher returns

Then crash of overpriced U.S. market deepened problem, forcing strapped American investors to pull more of their funds out of Germany

Weakened major banks In Germany

Adolf Hitler

German dictator whose aggressive foreign policy led to World War II and whose policies of anti-Semitism and racial purity led to the murder of millions.

Nazi Party

The political party that grew from the movement that German dictator Adolf Hitler made his vehicle to power.

National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP)

Mein Kampf

Written by Hitler; “My Battle”; political tract Hitler wrote while in prison during 1924

Talked about how their race needed to be preserved and “pure”

Spanish Civil War

Began in 1936 when a popular front Republican government, attempting to pacify radical leftists, who were seizing land and striking, had to face a military uprising of rightists against their authority; a wave of land seizures began, followed by the most extensive strike movement in Spanish history; several army officers initiated a military uprising against the government

Francisco Franco

Led Nationalists in Spanish civil war and took control of substantial parts of Spain; his authoritarian regime governed Spain until his death in 1975

Guernica

Painting by Picasso created for the Spanish Pavilion at the 1937 Paris Exhibition

Conveys horror and outrage- his response to the German bombing of the Basque town of Guernica on a crowded market day during the Spanish Civil War; his stark, elemental imagery came to symbolize the violence and suffering of the whole era

Roosevelt's "New Deal"

A commitment to increase government spending to restore purchasing power

Put people back to work

Built schools, hospitals, football stadiums

Japanese Invasion of Manchuria

In 1931, the Japanese Kwangtung Army attacked Chinese troops in Manchuria in an event commonly known as the Manchurian Incident. Essentially, this was an attempt by the Japanese Empire to gain control over the whole province, in order to eventually encompass all of East Asia. This proved to be one of the causes of World War II

The Rape of Nanking

Raped an estimated 20,000 women and were killed; Japanese barbarism spread all over china

Occurred during the 6 week period following the Japanese capture of the city of Nanjing

Collectivization

Soviet program under Stalin that reshaped agriculture by forcing peasants into government-controlled collective farms in order to better finance rapid industrialization.

Gulags

Originally an acronym for “main camp administration,” it refers to the network of forced labor camps for political prisoners in the Soviet Union. There were at least 476 camps in all.

Heinrich Himmler

directed the Schutzstaffel (SS) Nazi elite

portrayed the extermination of the jews as a difficult task that the Nazi elite had to do for their racial community

Schutzstaffel (S.S.)

Specially selected Nazi elite, entrusted with the most sensitive ideological tasks of the Nazi regime—and responsible for many of its worst atrocities.

Joseph Goebbels

Hitler’s propaganda minister

Played on Hitler’s successes to create a “Hitler myth,” which made Hitler seem at once a hero and a man of the people (became a façade that could hide the real Hitler)

The Gestapo

Official secret police of Nazi Germany

Did not terrorize Germans at random, its victims were generally members of specific groups, people suspected of active opposition, or people who protected those the Gestapo had targeted

"Kristallnacht" (pogrom)

Organized Nazi assault on Jewish businesses and synagogues during the night of November 9–10, 1938, following the assassination of a German diplomat in Paris.

"Lebensraum"

Living space

By expanding eastward into Poland and the Soviet Union, Germany could conquer the living space necessary for agricultural-industrial balance—and ultimately self sufficiency

Leon Blum

Became France’s first Socialist prime minister; he won the elections in 1936, when the popular front won a sizable majority in the Chamber of Deputies

Ethiopia

Mussolini prepared to extend Italy’s possessions in East Africa to encompass Ethiopia (Abyssinia); assumed that no would offer significant opposition

Became a member of the League of Nations in 1923—sponsored by Italy, but opposed by Britain and France because it still practiced slavery

After a border incident, Italian troops invaded in October 1935, prompting the League to announce sanctions against Italy (applied haphazardously)

"Anschluss"

Unity of Austria with Germany

The Treaty of Versailles explicitly prohibited this

Munich Appeasement

The policy employed by Britain’s prime minister, Neville Chamberlain, to defuse the 1938 crisis with Germany’s Adolf Hitler. Chamberlain acquiesced to Hitler’s demands to annex the Sudetenland portion of Czechoslovakia, but this proved merely a step toward the war that broke out less than a year later.

Nazi-Soviet (non-aggression) PACT

Surprise agreement between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany in August 1939 that each would remain neutral if the other went to war against some other nation.

Sept. 1, 1939... Invasion of Poland

German invasion of Poland—the British and the French responded with declarations of war on September 3rd

Hitler’s invasion of Poland began WWII

Euthanasia Program

The Nazi program of systematically killing people deemed superfluous or threatening to Germany’s racial health because of their physical or mental disabilities.

Popular Fronts

A term for antifascist electoral alliances and governing coalitions that communists promoted from 1934 until 1939 to resist the further spread of fascism.

Remilitarization of the Rhineland

The reoccupation of Germany’s Rhineland territory by German troops in March 1936, in clear violation of the Treaty of Versailles.

Rome-Berlin Axis

Alliance between Hitler’s Nazi Germany and Mussolini’s fascist Italy, which began informally in 1936, then was cemented by an open-ended military alliance, the Pact of Steel, in 1939

Show Trials

Trials staged for ideological and propaganda reasons in the USSR (Stalin)

Appeasement

The policy employed by Britain’s prime minister, Neville Chamberlain, to defuse the 1938 crisis with Germany’s Adolf Hitler, Chamberlain acquiesced to Hitler’s demands to annex the Sudetenland portion of Czechoslovakia, but this proved merely a step toward the war that broke out less than a year later

About this deck

By: Tierney Hohman
Created: 2012-02-28
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 5

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj