Ch. 4 Tissues
Anatomy 232 with Vierya at University of South Carolina - All Campuses
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what do epithelial tissues have in common?
lines and covers body surfaces
consists of cells that form membranes and glands
consists of cells that form membranes and glands
regularly replaced (regenerated)
squamos
flattened cell(epithelial)
cubodial
a cell that is about the same size on all sides (epithelial)
columnar
taller than they are wide and nucleus is oval and located in the basal region of the cell (epithelial)
have cilia and goblet cells (muccus)
have cilia and goblet cells (muccus)
simple squamous epithelium
single layer of flat cells. thinest.
simple cubiodal epithelium
single layer of cube-shaped cells
simple columnar epithelium
single layer of cells that are taller than wide
simple squamous epithelium function
diffusion
simple squamous epithelium location
air sacs in lungs
simple cubiodal epithelium function
secretion
simple cubiodal epithelium location
kidneys and glands
simple columnar epithelium function
secreting and absorpiton
simple columnar epithelium location
digestive tract
goblet cells
epithelial cells that produce muccus
simple
single layered
stratified
multiple layers
stratified squamous epithelium function
protection from abrasion and bacteria
stratified squamous epithelium location
vagina and mouth
stratified squamous epithelium feature
keratinized - outer cell layers are dead (skin)
nonkeratinized - alive (have to stay warm and moist)
nonkeratinized - alive (have to stay warm and moist)
stratified cubiodal epithelium function
secretion
stratified cubiodal epithelium
sweat glands
stratified columnar epithelium function
secretes mucus and urethra
stratified columnar epithelium location
male urethra
Pseudostratified columnar
nuclei everywhere; not organized.
single layer
cilia associated with cells
single layer
cilia associated with cells
Pseudostratified columnar function
secretes mucus (protection)
Pseudostratified columnar location
respiratory tract (nose, windpipe)
Transitional Epithelium location
lining found inside urinary bladder
transitional epithelium function
stretching. changes shape between squamous and cubiodal
Connective tissue
collagen is common
nonkeratinized
oral cavity. vagina anus
keratinized
epidermis of skin
goblet cells
form mucus (pseudostratified)
connective tissue
comes from mesoderm (germ cell)
fibers + ground sbustance = MATRIX
colagen (protein fiber - strong) and elastic fibers (flexible)
cells not in contract
loose connective tissue
some collagen, squishy, packaged material, absorbs shock, lines organs
dense connective tissue
alot of collagen, less ground substance, stronger, holds stuff together
areolar connective category
loose connective tissue
adipose connective category
loose connective tissue
dense regular connective category
dense connective tissue
dense irregular connective category
dense connective tissue
elastic connective category
dense connective tissue
hyaline connective category
cartilage
areolar fiber type
elastic and collagen
adipose fiber type
little collagen
dense regular fiber type
collagen
dense irregular fiber type
collage
elastic fiber type
elastic
fibrocaritlage fiber type
collagen
elastic cartilage fiber type
elastic
areolar special cells
fibroblast - makes fibers
adipose special cell type
adpocyte - fat cells has nucleus
dense regular features/location
used as tendons (connect muscle to bones) and ligaments (bone to bone)
dense elastic feature/ location
wall of aorta
dense irregular feature/ location
tendons in your hands. 2nd layer of skin
areolar location
2nd layer of skin
adipose location
3rd layer of skin
hyaline location
nose, respiratory tract / most common
fibrocartilage location
vertebrae, joints
elastic cartilage location
ear
cartilage
provides support, flexible, and strong.
chondrocyte
cartilage cells
bone
resemble tree trunk rings
osteon
cylindrical structures in bone
lamellae
concentric rings in bone
osteocytes
trapped, inactive osteoblasts
haversian cannal
in the middle of lamellae; full of vessels and nerves (bone)
blood
carry stuff around (EX. oxygen, etc.)
erythrocytes
red blood cells; transport O2 and CO2 between lungs and body tissues
leukocytes
white blood cells, important for immune responses and attacking foreign pathogens such as bacteria and viruses
platelets
small blood cells involved in blood clotting
muscles have in common
contracts in response to nerve stimulation
skeletal muscle striations?
yes
cardiac muscle striations?
yes
smooth muscle striations?
no
skeletal muscle voluntary?
yes
cardiac muscle voluntary?
no
smooth muscle voluntary?
no
skeletal nuclei?
multinuclei
cardiac location?
heart
smooth location?
walls of disgestive organ; urinary tract
skeletal location?
attached to bones except sphincters
cardiac muscle
has special gap junctions which allows cell to act as one unit
what do nervous tissue do?
gives out and receives information
neurons
center part has big branches on one side and a tail
cell body
soma. contain nucleus; is metabolic center
dendrites
highly branched extensions off cell body, receive inputs from other neurons
axon
single, long extension off cell body, sends info to other cells
what are the two cell found in the nervous tissue?
neurons and glial cells
glial cells
provide physical and functional support for neurons. more of them
epithelial
tissues that line or cover parts of your body
fibers in fibrocartilage
collagen
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“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
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