Ch 5 - Comprehensive program design

Overview Client Needs & Outcomes Benefits of Comprehensive & Specific program design TR Program Planning Model Hand back exams Client Needs & Outcomes Central to program design Clients become involved in TR programs to change some aspect of their lives. Needs fall into: Functional Intervention physical, mental, emotional, & social deficits Leisure Education lack of leisure awareness, social skills, leisure activity skills, ability to utilize resources Recreation Participation lack of ability to self-regulate leisure behavior, lack of ability to assume responsibility for personal leisure What are some specific needs/deficits clients may have within each of these areas? Benefits Stability TR specialist have the ability to make life changing programs that effect behavior and can provide clients with a greater sense of stability while in the program which can ultimately carry over into their lives. Flexibility allows for changes to the program and treatment plan Not being tied down to a specific process is important as it ensures clients needs are being met and the main focus Accountability Process makes the professionals more responsible for services provided and the outcomes Key: think about desired outcomes and design program that will produce said outcomes If we follow the steps and design a comprehensive and appropriate program then the client's needs should be met and the predicted/desired outcomes produced Therapeutic Recreation Program Planning Model Analysis Conceptualization Investigation Determination Specific Program Design Implementation Plan Evaluation Plan Analysis Needed to develop purpose & goals In order to develop an appropriate program you must first have a clear understanding of why the program is needed. To know why a program is needed, you must thoroughly research the client and his/her leisure related needs Look at clients leisure related needs & influential factors 5 areas of analysis Community Agency Clients TR profession/department Analysis of Community Understanding of leisure lifestyles within client's community It is the job of the TR specialist to provide services to the client so that he/she can effectively participate w/in the community Therefore having a thorough understanding of the community and leisure opportunities so that you can provide a program to better meet the needs of the client Communities differ in: Diversity Facilities Resources Opportunities How might leisure experiences and opportunities vary based on these differences? Analysis of Agency Different missions and/or vision statements A primary factor that influences TR programs Facilities are guided by their mission/vision which leads to differences in the clients served and the services provided Vision is more of a future oriented description of the purpose and a mission is a concrete explanation of services. The vision tells where the agency/organization wants to be and the mission explains how they will get there. History & background of agency Helps the TR specialist identify programs that are appropriate for a given agency by allowing and aiding in the development of programs that coincide with the agency. Presence & types of regulatory bodies that accredit the facility Organizational & administrative structure Agency resources Staff: other disciplines/interdisciplinary approach, looks at the skills and abilities of the staff, level of involvement of TR staff Facilities: looks at the various facilities available for use in the TR program, available and necessary equipment/supplies, access by community Budget: process of budget review, resources for external funding, who decides how funds are allocated, fundraising, how much is available for use by TR team and how can TR team supplement Analysis of Clients Must consider: ethnicity, culture, age, & lifestyles Others? ? gender, beliefs (religious, maybe Chinese stuff like superstitions) Look at client population not specific individual Leads to statement of purpose & goals As mentioned before agencies typically serve specific populations and provide certain services both of which were determined in the previous analysis. Now we must take a look at the client population. Knowing information about the general population allows for the development of an appropriate statement of purpose and goals which allow for the design of specific programs geared towards meeting these goals. Analyze client to determine leisure related needs ?What does this tell me about clients' leisure related needs, and, eventually, program considerations?? First look at basic demographic information: ages, need, disabilities, illnesses, gender, religion, etc. Then look at specific leisure related demographics: functional ability, secondary conditions, level of leisure education, knowledge, skills, etc. Must have clear understanding of the clients to be served, characteristics & leisure needs in order to complete the comprehensive program planning process Analysis of TR Profession Philosophy or service model of department Up-to-date professional standards & codes of ethics Dictate minimal actions and level of quality and care expected of the department Credentials impact basic qualifications & competencies Impact basic qualifications and competence of new & practicing professionals Use of professional resources & networking Having adequate knowledge will help further develop a program that meets the needs of the client and desired goals Conceptualization Write a statement of purpose Can use Leisure Ability Model to develop Program direction can be categorized by the 3 areas of TR service. Functional Intervention: focus on client's physical, social, mental and/or emotional behaviors Leisure Education: focus on learning new leisure skills, acquiring social skills, self-awareness Recreation Participation: change to actually engage and partake in organized leisure activities Comprehensive but brief, concise & clear Explain reason for existence w/o going into detail Serves as the backbone of the planning process and is reflected in each subsequent stage of the process. Develop comprehensive goals Describe purpose in greater detail; develop the purpose Idealistic & attainable Not directly measurable; statement of intent Goals are intended to reflect the needs of the agency's population, nature of its setting, and the philosophy of the staff. Goal areas can be modified once a specific population & setting have been identified Writing Goals Review statement of purpose Review characteristics & needs of the population Review nature & purpose of agency, resources, & constraints Brainstorm possible goal areas Determine appropriateness of goal areas for population Develop goal statements Analyze goal statements Investigation Developing program components Search for program content that coincides with goals- develop a program that will allow you to achieve your goals. Concerns: Translating goals into programs Intent of each goal needs to be translated into an operationalized program component, Each component is selected for its direct relationship between the program and the agency's TR statement purpose & goals Ensuring goals address statement of purpose One goal may require multiple program components while multiple goals may require the same program component. Available resources Do you have available what is needed to carry out the program component? Knowledge of program structures Choose appropriate structure to facilitate the desired outcome of a given program component. Prioritizing goals to meet client need Some goals may take priority over other goals and therefore require more program components Multiple ways of meeting one goal Consider all options and choose the best one Consideration of ALL goals Prioritize the goals but still consider program components for each before making selections Investigation Process Review goals w/ purpose of understanding intent ID priority goals if desired Brainstorm each goal for possible program components Review goals for possible areas of combination Brainstorm possible combinations of program components Investigate each idea for feasibility, practicality, & usefulness Discard ideas determined to be of no value, not feasible, impractical or not useful. Determination Actual selection of program components that will achieve intent of purpose & goals Weed through ideas generated during investigation and pick the best options Process: Review possible program components & ascertain relationship to established goals Study each program component for strengths & weaknesses Select most appropriate & desirable components Final check that goals are addressed through components Actual development & specification of components Summary 1st four steps, analysis, conceptualization, investigation & determination play vital role in establishing a logical, defensible, & accountable system of programs Increases likelihood of client outcomes that are important to client and agency TR program planning model analyzes & evaluates every possible factor to ensure desired client outcomes are produced