Ch. 7 - Circulation of the Atmosphere

Meteorology 200 with Lawson at University of Nebraska - Lincoln

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By: Dillon Schrodt
Created: 2011-03-08
Size: 40 flashcards
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Macroscale Winds

Largest like westerlies and trade winds

Mesoscale Winds

Last several minutes and exist for hours. Less than 100 km across. Mainly storms

Microscale Winds

Simple gusts last for seconds

Sea Breeze

Cooler air over the water moves onto the land

Land Breeze

Cooler air over land moves onto water (night)

Valley Breeze

Warm air glides up the slope

Mountain Breeze

Air drains into valley (night)

Chinooks

Warm, dry air down east slope of the rockies

Foehns

Warm, dry air down east slope of alps

Santa Ana

Hot desiccating winds increasing chance of fire in Southern California

Katabatic or Fall Wind

Cold aire over a highland area is set in motion

Mistral

Katabatic from French alps to the Mediterranean Sea

Bora

Katabatic from Yugoslavia to the Adriatic Sea

Country Breeze

Light wind blowing into the city (urban heat island)

Hadley Cell

0-30 degress Warm air moves toward equator and rises forming clouds

Horse Latitudes

Zone at 30 degrees of little wind b/c vertical movement

Trade Winds

South of horse latitude winds deflected toward equator

Doldrums

Where trade winds meet equally little wind

Prevailing Westerlies

Mid latitudes general flow from west to east. Net surface flow is poleward

Polar Easterlies

Polar air moves toward equator and deflected like trade winds

Polar Front

Where warm air clashes with cold air

Equatorial Low

Warm rising of Hadley cell

Intertropical Convergence Zone

Where the trade winds converge

Subtropical Highs

Between 20-35 degrees where trade winds originate

Subpolar Low

Polar easterlies and westerlies converge

Polar Highs

Where polar easterlies originate

Siberian High

Strong high pressure over frozen northern Asia

Azores high

Subtropical high over north Atlantic

Aleutian Low

Low over North Pacific in January

Icelandic Low

Low over North Atlantic in January

Bermuda high

Subtropical high in the summer North Atlantic

Monsoon

Pronounced seasonal difference in wind direction

Jet Streams

Swift geostophic airstreams in upper troposphere that are in narrow belts

Polar Jet Stream

Occurs along polar front

Subtropical Jet Stream

Over subtropics mainly in winter time

Ocean Currents

Mass movement of water because wind or temperature difference

Upwelling

Rising of cold water from deeper layers to replace warmer surface water

El Nino

Periodic warming of the central and eastern pacific. Causes extreme weather

Southern Oscillation

Seesaw pattern of pressure change that occurs between east and west Pacific.

La Nina

Strong trade winds and unusually low sea-surface temperatures in central and east Pacific

About this deck

By: Dillon Schrodt
Created: 2011-03-08
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 15

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj