Ch. 8 The Acting Brain
Psychology 416 with Berryhill at University of Nevada-Reno
About this deck
By: Ashlie Senko
Textbook:
The Student's Guide to Cognitive Neuroscience, 2nd Edition
Created: 2010-11-03
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 29
Textbook:
The Student's Guide to Cognitive Neuroscience, 2nd EditionCreated: 2010-11-03
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 29
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Degrees of Freedom Problem
there are potentiallhyy an infinite number of motor solutions for acting on an object
motor programs
stored routines that specify certain motor parameters of an action (the relative timing of strokes)
somatosensation
a cluster of perceptual processes that relate to the skin and body, and include touch, pain, thermal sensation and limb position
proprioception
knowledge of the position of the limbs in space
sensory-motor transformation
linking together of perceptual knowledge of object in space and knowledge of the position of one's body to enable objects to be acted on
hommunculus problem
the problem of explaining volitional acts without assuming a cognitive process that is itself volitional ("a man within a man")
primary motor cortex
responsible for execution of voluntary movements of the body
hemiplegia
damage to one side of the primary motor cortex results in a failure to voluntarily move the other side of the body
frontal eye fields
responsible for voluntary movement of the eyes
premotor cortex
the lateral area is important for linking action with objects in the environment; the medial area is known as the supplementary motor area and deals with well-learned actions and action sequences
supplementary motor area (SMA)
deals with well-learned actions, particularly action sequences that do not place strong demands on monitoring the environment
perseveration
repeating an action that has already been performed and is no longer relevant
utilization behavior
impulsively acting on irrelevant objects in the environment
schema
an organized set of stored information (familiar action routines)
contention scheduling
the mechanism that selects one particular schema to be enacted from a host of competing schemas
frontal apraxia
failure in tasks of routine activity that involve setting up and maintaining different subgoals, but with no basic deficits in object recognition or gesturing the use of isolated objects (aka action disorganization syndrome)
forward model
a representation of the motor command (so-called "efference copy") is used to predict the sensory consequences of an action
imitation
the ability to reproduce the behavior of another through observation
mirror neuron
a neuron that responds to goal-directed actions performed by oneself or by others
optic ataxia
a symptom arising form damage to teh occipito-parietal junction. patients are not able to to accurately reach towards objects under visual guidance
phantom limb
the feeling that an amputated limb is still present
tool
an object that affords certain actions for specific goals
ideomoter apraxia
an inability to produce appropriate gestures given an object, word or command
affordances
structural properties of objects imply certain usages
Parkinson's disease
a disease associated with the basal ganglia and characterized by a lack of self-initiated movement
hypokinetic
a reduction in movement
hyperkinetic
a genetic disorder affecting the basal ganglia and associated with excessive movement
Huntington's disease
a genetic disorder affecting the basal ganglia and associated with excessive movement
Tourette's syndrome
a neuropsychiatric disorder with an onset in childhood characterized by the presence of of motor and/or vocal tics
obsessive-compulsive disorder
an anxiety disorder characterized by repetitive thoughts and/ or acts (counting, cleaning)
About this deck
By: Ashlie Senko
Textbook: The Student's Guide to Cognitive Neuroscience, 2nd Edition
Created: 2010-11-03
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 29
Textbook:
The Student's Guide to Cognitive Neuroscience, 2nd EditionCreated: 2010-11-03
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 29
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy