Ch 9 quizzes

StudyBlue printing of Ch 9 quizzes html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; outline: 0; font-size: 100%; background: transparent; } body { line-height: 1; } blockquote, q { quotes: none; } blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; } /* remember to define focus styles! */ :focus { outline: 0; } /* remember to highlight inserts somehow! */ ins { text-decoration: none; } del { text-decoration: line-through; } /* tables still need 'cellspacing="0"' in the markup */ table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } /* end RESET */ .header { min-width:800px; } .logo { padding:6px 20px 2px 20px; margin:0; font-size:25px; font-weight:bold; color:#808285; position:relative; border-bottom: 1px solid #c5c5c5; } .logo-blue { color:#70adc4; } .logo-desc { font-weight:normal; font-size:19px; color:#cccccc; margin-top:50px; position:absolute; display: none; } .back-button { position:absolute; top:20px; right:20px; font-size:13px; line-height:25px; color:rgb(0,175,225); font-weight:normal; } .back-button a { color:rgb(0,175,225); } .instructions { padding:0; margin:0; width:100%; position:relative; color:rgb(100,100,100); } .step-holder { border-left:1px solid #ededed; margin-left:20px; } .steps { padding:15px 0; float:left; width:24%; border-right:1px solid #ededed; text-align:center; } .steps-01 { } .steps-02 { } .steps-03 { } .steps-04 { } .label { padding:5px 10px; } .print-button { } .print-button a { background-color:rgb(0,175,225); color:white; line-height: 19px; padding:9px 8px 5px 30px; font-size:14px; text-decoration:none; background-image: url(images/printer.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 7px 50%; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; } .print-button a:hover { background-color:black; } .theNote .content { width: 8.0in !important; margin: 5px auto; padding:20px; background-color:white; } .theNote .header { border-bottom: 1px dashed #C8C8C8; font-size: 17px; padding: 0 0 10px; line-height: 19px; color: #00ADE1; min-width:500px; } .theNote .body { font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; padding: 10px 0; } .theNote{ padding:6px 0; clear:both; background-color: rgb(200,200,200); } .theNote h3{ color: rgb(100,100,100); } .theNote h1, .theNote h3{ background-color:white; padding:2px 20px; width:8.0in !important; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1{ padding-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1:first-child{ font-size: 20px; } .theNote h3 { font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; } #options { border: 3px double #ccc; padding: 5px 12px; margin: 10px 50px 10px 20px; float: left; } #info { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; padding-top: 5px; font-style: italic; } li { margin: 5px 10px 5px 25px; } ul li { list-style: disc; } ol li { list-style: decimal; } img { border: 0; } table { clear: both; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; border-width: 1px 0; margin: 0; page-break-after: always; } table#page { page-break-after: auto; } td { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #c5c5c5; height: 1.75in; width: 50%; padding-left: 15px; } .leftside { border-right: 1px solid #cccccc; padding: 0 15px 0 0; } .bottom td { border-bottom: none; } .clearfix { clear:both; line-height:1px; height:1px; } img { max-width:80%; max-height:150px; margin:20px; } @media print {.header { display: none; } .content .header{ display:inherit; } table { border: 1px dashed #bbb; border-width: 1px 0; } .theNote{ background-color:white; } } A 12-year-old who responded to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency typical of an average 9-year-old was said to have an IQ of B) 75. Today's researchers have identified many different chromosomal regions important to intelligence. This indicates that intelligence is B) polygenetic. Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical, practical, and ________ intelligence. A) creative Binet and Simon designed a test of intellectual abilities in order to B) identify children likely to have difficulty learning in regular school classes. Howard Gardner identified a total of ________ intelligences. B) eight People are less upset when they miss getting an early payment discount than when they are asked to bear a late payment surcharge. This best illustrates the importance of A) framing. About ________ percent of WAIS scores fall between 85 and 115. B) 68 People are likely to take less time to recognize a woman as a nurse than a man as a nurse because a woman more closely resembles their nurse B) prototype. Those who define intelligence as academic aptitude are most likely to criticize A) Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences. B. F. Skinner emphasized the importance of ________ in language acquisition. D) reinforcement The ability to delay immediate pleasures in pursuit of long-range rewards is most clearly a characteristic of C) emotional intelligence. A measure of intelligence based on head size is likely to have a ________ level of reliability and a ________ level of validity. D) high; low When Brandon was told that he correctly answered 80 percent of the items on a math achievement test, he asked how his performance compared with that of the average test-taker. Brandon's concern was directly related to the issue of B) standardization. Research suggests that women are more skilled than men at B) interpreting others' facial expressions of emotion. The representativeness heuristic refers to our tendency to D) judge the likelihood of category membership by how closely an object or event resembles a particular prototype. When 3-year-old Rosalie complained, “Boris hitted me with a ball,” she was illustrating the tendency of young children to B) overgeneralize certain grammatical rules in sentence construction. A single, memorable case of welfare fraud can have a greater impact on people's estimates of welfare abuse than do statistics showing that this case is actually the exception to the rule. This illustrates that judgments are influenced by the D) availability heuristic. Research participants were asked to identify a word that could be associated meaningfully with each of three other words. Solutions that occurred with sudden insight were accompanied by a burst of activity in the brain's ________ lobe. D) right temporal If a stranger looks like someone who previously harmed or threatened us in some way, we may—without consciously recalling the earlier experience—react warily. This illustrates that our reactions to others may be influenced by C) intuition. The heritability of intelligence is lowest among genetically A) similar individuals who have been raised in dissimilar environments. Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical, practical, and ________ intelligence. C) creative Noam Chomsky has emphasized that the acquisition of language by children is facilitated by B) an inborn readiness to learn grammatical rules. The distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped pattern. This pattern is called a D) normal curve. Howard Gardner identified a total of ________ intelligences. C) eight Binet and Terman would have been most likely to disagree about the D) extent to which intelligence is determined by heredity. Your psychology professor has announced that the next test will assess your understanding of sensation and perception. When you receive the test, however, you find that very few questions actually relate to these topics. In this instance, you would be most concerned about the ________ of the test. A) content validity Today's researchers have identified many different chromosomal regions important to intelligence. This indicates that intelligence is A) polygenetic. Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single test in order to measure the ________ of a test. A) reliability To combine words into a grammatically sensible order, we need to apply proper rules of D) syntax. A measure of intelligence based on head size is likely to have a ________ level of reliability and a ________ level of validity. C) high; low To assess mental age, Binet and Simon measured children's A) reasoning skills. Everyone would agree that intelligence tests are “biased” in the sense that C) test performance is influenced by cultural experiences. Which of the following best accounts for people's greater fear of commercial air flights than of driving an automobile? A) perceived control The widespread improvement in intelligence test performance during the past century is called A) the Flynn effect. As he attempted to spell the word receive, Tim reminded himself “i before e except after c.” Tim's self-reminder best illustrates the use of C) a heuristic. Research suggests that women are more skilled than men at B) interpreting others' facial expressions of emotion. The percentage of people diagnosed with an intellectual disability has ________ over the past 80 years because intelligence tests have been ________. D) increased; restandardized If a test yields consistent results every time it is used, it has a high degree of A) reliability. Compared with deaf children exposed to sign language from birth, those who first learn sign language as teens are less likely to A) comprehend grammatical subtleties of sign language. An algorithm is a D) methodical step-by-step procedure for solving problems. A measure of intelligence based on head size is likely to have a ________ level of reliability and a ________ level of validity. D) high; low The earliest stage of speech development is called the ________ stage. C) babbling A prototype is a A) best example of a particular category. Which term refers to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating? C) cognition Although intuition can at times hinder rationality, it is often valuable because it facilitates A) quick decisions. Infants are first able to discriminate speech sounds during the ________ stage. C) babbling Spearman's g factor refers to C) a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of tasks. The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is A) a diverse set of distinct abilities. When 3-year-old Rosalie complained, “Boris hitted me with a ball,” she was illustrating the tendency of young children to D) overgeneralize certain grammatical rules in sentence construction. The distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped pattern. This pattern is called a B) normal curve. The overconfidence phenomenon refers to the tendency to D) underestimate the extent to which our beliefs and judgments are inaccurate. Melinda completed the Computer Programming Aptitude Test when she applied for a position with Beta Electronics. Six months later, she took the same test when she applied for a position with another company. The fact that her scores were almost identical on the two occasions suggests that the test has a high degree of B) reliability. Students routinely underestimate how much time it will take them to complete assigned course projects. This best illustrates the impact of D) overconfidence. Disproportionately more Whites than Blacks would be admitted into American colleges if performance scores on ________ were the only basis for college admissions. B) all of these tests Research indicates that Head Start programs D) reduce the likelihood that participants will repeat grades or require special education. When Larina started college, she was certain that she would never smoke marijuana. By the end of her freshman year, however, Larina had used this drug on three different occasions. Larina's experience best illustrates B) overconfidence. A single, memorable case of welfare fraud can have a greater impact on people's estimates of welfare abuse than do statistics showing that this case is actually the exception to the rule. This illustrates that judgments are influenced by the B) availability heuristic. An algorithm is a B) methodical step-by-step procedure for solving problems. The heritability of intelligence refers to A) the percentage of variation in intelligence within a group that is attributable to genetic factors. The value of making a good first impression when you begin work for a new employer is best underscored by the research on A) belief perseverance. By encouraging people to imagine their homes being destroyed by winds from a hurricane, insurance salespeople are especially successful at selling large homeowners' policies. They are most clearly exploiting the influence of A) the availability heuristic. It has been suggested that Alaskan Eskimos' rich vocabulary for describing snow enables them to perceive differences in snow conditions that would otherwise go unnoticed. This suggestion most clearly illustrates A) linguistic determinism. An algorithm is a D) methodical step-by-step procedure for solving problems. The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas is called D) creativity. After spending two hours trying to solve an engineering problem, Amira finally gave up. As she was trying to fall asleep that night, a solution to the problem popped into her head. Amira's experience best illustrates A) insight. Your psychology professor has announced that the next test will assess your understanding of sensation and perception. When you receive the test, however, you find that very few questions actually relate to these topics. In this instance, you would be most concerned about the ________ of the test. D) content validity Generating multiple possible answers to a problem illustrates B) divergent thinking. As he attempted to spell the word receive, Tim reminded himself “i before e except after c.” Tim's self-reminder best illustrates the use of C) a heuristic. To combine words into a grammatically sensible order, we need to apply proper rules of A) syntax. Psychologists are most likely to question whether chimps have the capacity to A) use complex grammar. Mr. and Mrs. Goldberg can best predict their newborn daughter's future intellectual aptitude by B) obtaining information about their own levels of intelligence. By dividing broad concepts into increasingly smaller and detailed subgroupings, we create C) category hierarchies. The heritability of intelligence is lowest among genetically D) similar individuals who have been raised in dissimilar environments. Six-month-old Ohmar recognizes the difference between squares and circles just as accurately as his 3-year-old brother, who can correctly name the different shapes. This fact would most directly challenge B) Whorf's linguistic determinism hypothesis. Mr. and Mrs. Linkletter are parents of a child with an intellectual disability. It is MOST likely that their child C) will have difficulty adapting to the normal demands of independent adult life. With which of the following statements will people typically agree most quickly? A) A robin is a bird. Experts would most likely agree that intelligence is a(n) B) mental ability to learn from experience. In the process of classifying objects, people are especially likely to make use of A) prototypes. Exposure to high levels of male sex hormones during prenatal development is most likely to facilitate the subsequent development of C) spatial abilities. Howard Gardner is most likely to agree that the concept of intelligence includes B) spatially analyzing visual input.