Chapter 1
Biology 160 with Kroening at University of Wisconsin - Madison
About this deck
By: Danaan Mirr
Textbook:
Human Genetics: Concepts and Applications
Created: 2010-07-02
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 25
Textbook:
Human Genetics: Concepts and ApplicationsCreated: 2010-07-02
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 25
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Genetics
the study of inherited traitsd and their variations
Genes
units of hereditary; biochemical instructions that tell cells how to make certain proteins (Basic units of life)
-composed of DNA
-composed of DNA
Genome
complete set of genetic instructions characteristic of an organism
-including protein encoding genes adn other DNA sequesnces
-including protein encoding genes adn other DNA sequesnces
Bioethics
confronts concerns that new genetic knowledge raises, such as privacy
Genomics
considers many genes at a time; deals with more common illnesses and influenced by many genes that interact with each other adn the environment
RNa
functions to serve as a go between the instructiont in teh DNA and hwo those instructions are carriedout
-uses instructiond to construct specific proteins which confer the trait
-uses instructiond to construct specific proteins which confer the trait
alleles
variant of a genome
mutation
the changes in DNA sequesncce that distinguish allesles
single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps)
can cause diseases or just mark places in teh genome where people differ
-research may be used for these to assess disease risks
-research may be used for these to assess disease risks
Chromosomes
DNA molecules wrappeda round proteins
Autosomes
22 chromosome pairs that do not differ between sexes
karytypes
display chromosome pairs; large to small
Differentiation
reflects differential genes expression; cell specialization
Gene Expression
the cell's use of the info in teh DNA sequesnce to synthesize a particular protein
How DNA uses info
Replication
Translation
Transcription
Translation
Transcription
Replication
f teh sides of the helix part, each 1/2 can reassemble itsother side by pulling in free building blocks
Translation
assembly of an amino acid chain according to the sequence of base triplets in a molecule of mRNA
Transcription
amino acids align adn join, formign a protein thatis then released
Amino Acid
building block of protein
Genotype
underlying instructions; present alleles
Phenotype
visible trait, biochemical change, effect on health (expressed alleles)
Pedigree
a chart consisting os symbols connected by lines that depict the genetic relationships and transmission of inherited traits in related individuals
Polymorphism
a site in genome that vaires in 1% or more of the population
Mendelian Traits
traits and illnesses determined by single genes
Multifactorial/Complex Traits
dtermined by 1 or more genes and the environment
Incidence
the frequency of a condition in a population
Prevalence
how common a condition is in a certain area at a certain time
Genetic Determinism
an inherited trait is inevitable/cannto be modified
Biotechnology
use of organisms to produce goods or services
Metagenomics
looks at the invisible living world by sequencing DNA in a particular habitat
Microarray
tiny deivce that displays DNA and reveals the gene variants that are present or active
About this deck
By: Danaan Mirr
Textbook: Human Genetics: Concepts and Applications
Created: 2010-07-02
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 25
Textbook:
Human Genetics: Concepts and ApplicationsCreated: 2010-07-02
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 25
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy