Chapter 11: Politics and the Economy
Sociology 105 with Mcnamee at University of North Carolina-Wilmington
About this deck
By: Kimberly Azevedo
Textbook:
Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach (8th Edition)
Created: 2011-05-08
Size: 43 flashcards
Views: 67
Textbook:
Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach (8th Edition)Created: 2011-05-08
Size: 43 flashcards
Views: 67
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Authority
Legitimate power, power that people accept as right.
Coercion
Illegitimate power, power that people do not accept as right.
Traditional Authority
Based upon customs, the hallmark of tribal groups. Custom dictates basic relationships.
Rational Legal Authority
Not based on custom but on written rules. "Reasonable part of the law"
Charismatic Authority
People are drawn to a charismatic individual because they believe that individual has been touched by God or has been endowed by nature with exceptional qualities.
Routinization of Charisma
Transition of authority from a charismatic leader to either traditional or rational legal authority.
City-States
Power radiating outward from the city like a web.
Monarchy
King or Queen whose right to rule was passed on to the monarch's children.
Democracy
"power to the people"
"new world" distressed after the revolution against the king and wanted political decisions to be in the hands of the people.
Direct Democracy
Small tribes and cities: meet and vote together and express their own opinions to vote publicly.
Representative Democracy
Certain citizens voted for men to represent them in Washington, later the vote was extended to everyone.
Citizenship
That by virtue of birth and residence people have basic rights.
Universal Citizenship
Everyone has the same basic rights by virtue of being born in a country or immigrating and becoming a naturalized citizen.
Dictatorship
When an individual seizes power and then dictates his will to the people.
Oligarchy
When a small group seizes power and dictates will upon the people.
Totalitarianism
Total control of the people by the government
Voter Apathy
Those indifferent to the outcome of votes.
Special Interest Group
People who think alike on a particular issue and mobilize for political action.
Lobbyists
Paid to influence legislation on behalf of their clients.
Political Action Committees (PAC)
Solicit contributions from many and then use the large amount to influence legislation.
Anarchy
A condition of disorder and violence. "Lack of government"
Pluralism
A diffusion of power among many special interest groups, prevents any one group from gaining control of the government and using it to oppress the people.
Checks and Balances
Designed to ensure that no one branch of government dominates the others
Power Elite
Consists of the top leaders of the largest corporations and most powerful generals/admirals of the military and the elite politicians (president, cabinet, senior members of congress)
War
Armed conflict between nations
Timasheff's Seven Fuels
1-revenge: settling old scores
2-Power: dominating a weaker nations
3-Prestige: defending the nation's honor
4-Unity: uniting rival groups within their country
5-Position: protecting or exalting the leaders positions
6-Ethnicity: bringing under their rule "our people" who are living in another country
7- Beliefs: Forcibly converting others religious or political beliefs.
Terrorism
Violence intended to create fear in order to bring about political objectives.
Suicide Terrorism
A weapon sometimes chosen by the weaker group, captures headlines around the world.
Economy
Our system of producing and distributing goods and services
Subsistence Economy
Economy based off of the land - plant and animal products
Conspicuous Consumption
Coined by Thorstein Veblen- The Protestant ethic identified by Weber with an emphasis on hard work, savings, and a concern for salvation
Postindustrial Society
1- a service sector so large that most people work in it
2- a vast surplus of goods
3- even more extensive trade
4-a wider variety and quantity of goods
5- an information explosion
6- Global village (world's nations are linked by communication and transportation)
Figure 11.3
The revolutionary change in the US work force
White collar -- increasing (80%)
Blue collar -- Decreasing (peaked in 1940, down to 20%)
Farming -- decreasing (2%)
Capitalism
Three Essential Features
1- private ownership of the means of production
2- Market competition
3- The pursuit of profit
Laissez-Faire Capitalism
"Hands Off" capitalism the government doesn't interfere with the market.
Welfare/ State capitalism
Private citizens own the means of production and pursue profits, but they do so within a vast system of laws designed to protect the welfare of the population.
Socialism
Three Essential Components:
1- Public ownership of the means of production
Market Forces
Supply and Demand
determine both what will be produced and the prices that will be charged.
Democratic Socialism
Welfare socialism- both the state and individuals produce and distribute goods and services.
Capitalists
Belive that market forces should determine both products and prices.
Socialists
Take an opposite view of profits, they consider them to be immoral.
Convergence Theory
The idea that capitalism and socialism are growing similar.
Global Superclass
The leaders of the globe's top multinational companies that overlap to a degree to form a small circle.
About this deck
By: Kimberly Azevedo
Textbook: Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach (8th Edition)
Created: 2011-05-08
Size: 43 flashcards
Views: 67
Textbook:
Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach (8th Edition)Created: 2011-05-08
Size: 43 flashcards
Views: 67
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
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