Chapter 11
Biological Sciences 109 with Marcus at University of Alabama - Tuscaloosa
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By: Jennifer Hodnett
Created: 2011-04-10
Size: 50 flashcards
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Created: 2011-04-10
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 19
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What are the Peripheral Nervous System's two functional components?
Motor System (Somatic System)
Autonomic Nervous System
What is the Motor (Somatic) Nervous System?
Responds to external stimuli, carries signals to and from skeletal muscles.
Voluntary
What are the three parts of the Autonomic Nervous System?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric
The Autonomic Nervous System is voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
What are the 3 stages of Information Processing?
Sensory Input
Integration
Motor output
What is the difference between nerves and neurons?
Nerves are organized bundles of neurons
In resting potential, inside the plasma membrane is _______ and outside is ___________.
negative, positive
What is the value of resting potential?
-70
In resting potential the membrane is said to be what?
polarized
What is graded potentials?
a localized change in potential
The more graded potentials that are received, the bigger the change in the membrane potential. This is called what?
Summation
If summation surpasses a certain threshold level in a particular spot in the axon base, what occurs?
an action potential
When gated sodium channels in the axon open and sodium diffuses into the cytoplasm what happens? What process does this signify?
Membrane potential shifts from -70 millivolts to +30 millivolts. (depolarization)
Action potential
Wen the potassium channels open and the membrane potential shifts from +30 to -70 what is this called?
Repolarization
What are ligand gated ion channels?
Channels in the post synaptic cell that neurotransmitters bind to briefly to stimulate a graded potential in the synapse
What are two types of Neurotransmitters?
Glutamic acid
Seratonin
Glutamic acid is what?
a neurotransmitter that is excitatory
What is Seratonin?
a neurotransmitter that is inhibitory
What are four cells that support neurons yet out number them?
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells
Radial Glia
What are astrocytes?
Provide structural support for the CNS
Aid in the development of tight junctions
Facilitate Information transfer
What is the blood brain barrier?
prevents passage of many substances into the CNS
What are Oligodendrocytes?
from the myelin sheath around axons in the CNS--like electrical tape
What are Schwann cells?
form myelin sheaths around axons in the PNS
What are Radial Glia?
From tracks in embryonic tissue for neurons to migrate down
What is different about Myelinated Axons?
the location of the channels in restricted
What are the channels in myelinated axons called?
Nodes of Ranvier
What are the five parts of the brain?
brain stem
cerebellum
diencephalon
limbic system
cerebrum
What are the parts for the brain stem?
midbrain
pons
medulla oblongota
What are the parts of the diencephalon?
epithalamus
thalamus
hypothalamus
What are the parts of the cerebrum?
cerebral cortex
What is the function of the medulla oblongota
controls automatic functions. ex. breathing
What is the function of the pons
aids medulla, also coordinates flow of info to other areas.
What is the function of the midbrain?
Receipt of sensory info, basic muscle group coordination
What are the three functions of the cerebellum?
Motor functions
Perceptual functions
Cognitive functions
What is the function of the epithalamus in the diencephalon?
produces csf
What is the function of the thalamus in the diencephalon?
sorts input information being sent to the cerebrum
What is the function of the hypothalamus in the diencephalon?
homeostatic regulation, location of thermostat, sexual behavior, circadian rhythm
What does the limbic system control?
emotions
What is the Cerebrum?
Right and left hemispheres made up of grey and white matter
Outer gray matter also known as
cerebral cortex
Inner white matter is made up of what?
myelinated axons
Outer gray matter is responsible for what things?
thinking perception, language, memory storage, abstract thought
What is the cerebral cortex ?
right and left sides of the brain connected by corpus collosum
What is the neocortex?
the wrinkled part, outer most part of cerebral cortex
What are the four lobes?
Occipital
Temporal
Parietal
Frontal
Occipital lobe is responsible for what?
visual info
Temporal lobe is responsible for what?
understanding spoken and written language
Parietal lobe is responsible for what?
sensory information from skin
Frontal lobe is responsible for what?
initiates movement, speech and conscious though
What is RAS
Reticular activating system
About this deck
By: Jennifer Hodnett
Created: 2011-04-10
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 19
Created: 2011-04-10
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 19
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
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STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
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