Chapter 12 Definitions

Chapter 12: Definitions (Bold in Book) Italicized definitions = just in book? not notes too Capicitation: membranes release enzymes Blastocyst: after 4-5 days approx 100 cells clumped together; become embryo Implantation: process where blastocyst becomes embedded in uterine wall Embryo: early form of life in the uterus between the stages of blastocyst & fetus Gestation: aka pregnancy Fetus: stage of life from 8 wks gestations to birth Embryonic membranes: various membranes Amnion (amniotic sac): embryonic sac containing embryo & amniotic fluid Amniotic fluid: fluid w/i amniotic sac that surrounds embryo or fetus Yolk sak: producer of embryo?s first blood cells & germ cells (which later develop into gonads) Chorion: embryo?s outermost membrane Lanugo: the fine downy hair covering the fetus Placenta: organ of exchange between mother & fetus Umbilical Cord: connecting fetus & placenta (and thus mother); thru which nutrients pass Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG): Heger?s Sign: pregnancy indicator described as the softening of the uterus just above the cervix which can be felt during a vaginal examination Ectopic pregnancy: aka tubal pregnancy Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: HBP & edema (swelling of legs =sign HBP) Premature Birth: approx 10% pregnancies; birth prior to 37 wks gestation; cause of 3/4s infant deaths in US Low Birth Weight (LBW): less than 5.5 lbs Toxemia: genetic term for toxins in the blood Delayed Labor: 10% women have, post-term longer than 2 wks Ultrasound: high-freq. sound waves create computer generated picture of the internal Structure of the fetus in the uterus Sonogram: picture of the ultrasound Early Pregnancy Loss: death of fetus before 20 wks Miscarriage: spontaneous loss of a fetus before it can survive on own SIDS: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Infertility: defined as the inability to conceive a child after a year of unprotected sex or the inability to carry a fetus Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: infection of the fallopian tubes or uterus that is usually result of an STI Varicocele: presence varicose vein above testie, can cause sterilization Surrogate Motherhood: one woman, the surrogate mom, bears a child for another Cloning: reproduction of an individual from a single cell taken from a donor or parent Sex Selection: ?family balancing? allows couples choose to have boy or girl Relaxin: Hormone produced that allow increased flexibility in pelvic area Neonate: aka newborn Apgar Score: immediately rate baby on health scale; at least 8 is healthy Episiotomy: until recently an incision given that enlarges the opening Cesarean Section: C Section involves delivery of baby thru incision in mother?s abdominal wall & uterus Postpartum period: 3 months or so following birth? time physical stabilization & emotional adjustment Family & Medical Leave Act (FMLA): assure eligible employees up to a total of 12 workweeks of unpaid leave for the birth & care of the newborn child of that employee