Chapter 12
Psychology 3370 with Crow at Southern Methodist University
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By: Huston Smith
Created: 2012-03-30
Size: 34 flashcards
Views: 4
Created: 2012-03-30
Size: 34 flashcards
Views: 4
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Amadou Diallo
Man accused of pulling a gun on officers when it was only his wallet
Cognitive Approaches
Differences in how people think are the focus of this aspect of psychology
Personalizing Cognition
Using similar events in one's own life to help process information
Objectifying Cognition
Recalling objective facts to help process information
Cognition
Awareness and thinking as well as specific mental acts such as perceiving, attending to, interpreting, remembering, believing, judging, deciding, and anticipating.
Information Processing
The transformation of sensory input into mental representations and the manipulation of such representations.
Perception
The first level of cognition. The process of imposing order on the information our sense organs take in.
Interpretation
The second level of cognition. The making sense of, or explaining, various events in the world.
Conscious Goals
The third level of cognition. The standards that people develop for evaluating themselves and others.
Rod and Frame Test
Is used to test field in/dependence.
Field Dependent
A characteristic defined by using cues from the environment to make judgments.
Field Independent
A characteristic defined by using one's own sensations to make judgments.
Embedded Figures Test
Conceived by Witkin (RFT) as a alternative test for field in/dependence
EFT/RFT and Field in/dependence correlation
EFT and RFT scores strongly correlate and field in/dependence is stable over time
Areas of field in/dependence
Education and interpersonal relations
Field independent characteristics
Good at selective attention in stimulus-rich environments, learn better in hypermedia based instructional environments, and function with autonomy and display a more impersonal or detached orientation towards others.
Field dependent characteristics
Rely on social information and frequently ask other people for their opinions and tend to process information in chunks and are good at seeing connections between categories of information.
Second language acquisition
Easier for field independent people because they perceive patterns within a complex stream of information
Aneseth Petrie
Studied pain tolerance
Reducer/Augmenter Theory
The dimension along which people differ in their reaction to sensory stimulation.
Locus of Control
A concept that describes a person's perception of responsibility for the events in his or her life. Refers to whether people tend to locate that responsibility internally or externally.
Julian Rotter
Associated with Locus of Control
The expectancy of reinforcement
Refers to characteristics that distinguish specific individuals
General Expectancies
A person's expectations for reinforcement hold across a variety of situations
External Locus of Control
The idea that events are outside one's control
Internal Locus of Control
The idea that events are under one's control
Specific Expectancies
The emphasis is on locus of control in discrete ares of life
Achievement View of Intelligence
How much knowledge a person has acquired, relative to others in his or her age cohort.
Aptitude view of intelligence
An ability to become educated, as the ability or aptitude to learn.
General intelligence
Intelligence when thought of as a single broad factor
Intelligence by Gardner
The application of cognitive skill and knowledge to solve problems, learn, and achieve goals that are valued by the individual and the culture
Multiple Intelligences
Includes seven forms, such as interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, kinesthetic intelligence, musical intelligence, and emotional intelligence.
Flynn Effect
The rise of average IQ scores by 1 point every 4-5 years within populations.
Inspection Time
The time it takes a person to make a simple discrimination between two displayed objects
About this deck
By: Huston Smith
Created: 2012-03-30
Size: 34 flashcards
Views: 4
Created: 2012-03-30
Size: 34 flashcards
Views: 4
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
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