Chapter 13

Elementary Education 201 with Rose at University of Wisconsin - Oshkosh

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By: Hailey Seidl
Created: 2010-12-05
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American Education (how it is operatied)

Operated through stage agencies

*NOT A NATIONAL OR FEDERAL SYSTEM*

Who sets policies? (4)

- Governors

- State Legislatures

- State Board of Education

- Local School Boards

Role of Federal Gov't in Education

Historically, has been limited but recently has expaneded

Decentralized System

States set up districts that have the responsibility of operating the schools

School Board (3 concepts)

- Governing body of a school district

- Includes citizens who are appointed

- Primary role is to set policies in the schools

Superintendent of Schools

- Chief administrator or schools

- Repsonsible for the day to day operation of schools

Building Principal

- Implements school district policies in the school

- Establishes the "educational vision" of the school

- Involved in professional growth of teachers

Organization of School Districs

- Number of school districts in the nation is not related to enrollment among them

- Each state creates its own districts, typically including grades pK through 12

District Budgeting

Greatest cost in the school district is teacher compensation

Site-Based Management

- Shifts decicion making powers from central administrators to site-based councils

- This method has shown an improvment in teacher morale and student performance

Charter Schools

- Gives parent and child a choice between traditional publich schools and altertnative public schooling

- Popularity in the nation is growing, currently there are over 4,000 different charter schools nationwide

State-level Gorenance (3 areas)

- State Department of Education

- State Board of Education

- Chief State School Officer

Federal Gov't and Public Education

- Federal gov't has begun offering increased programs and services to schools

- National Center for Educational Statistics: gathers and reports national data

*Research is funded by national money

*Linked to NCLB

US Department and Secretary of Education

Members of the President's council

School Financing

- Fincancing methods differ among states

- States are responsible for education and creating a program that is equal to all students

Public Policy Goals in State School Finance (3 aspects)

- Equity: Equal treatment of persons in equal circumstances

- Adequacy: Must provide for quality of staff, sufficent materials, and facilities

- Choice: Includes control of funding and power of parents to select schools their children attend

Basic Approaches used by the state to Allocate Funds to Schools (4 methods)

- Full State Funding: Funding comes entirely from state taxes (NOT COMMON)

- Flat Grants: Allocates funds per unit (NOT A PRIMARY SOURCE OF FUNDING)

- Equalized Foundation Grants: Determined by multiplying the number and type of students to detrmine per pupil expenditure. Collected through a uniform tax rate which is applied to value of property

- Categorical Grants: Supplement of regular funding for specific educational purposes

Local Sources of Tax Revenue (4 Characteristics)

- Ad valorem tax = Property tax

- 90% of money from taxes comes from property tax

- Property taxes are a stable sources of revenue for schools

- Violates principles of equity and progressivity (puts larger burden on lower income residents)

Local sources of Nontax Revenue (3 characteristics)

- Schools may charge large participation fees for extra curricular events and activities as well as elective classes

- Donor Activities (booster clubs)

- Enterprise Activities: Leasing factilities and services

State Sources of Revenue (3 examples)

- Sales tax

- Income tax

- Lottery tax

Federal Sources of Revenue (3 characteristics)

- Income tax = primary source of funding

- States highest in poverty and military bases recieve the most funding

- States with large amounts of federal property recieve higher portions of funds

Private Education (3 characteristics)

- Alternative education programs (ie private ed) have been around since the colonial period

- State has the right to regulate private schools

- Includes church-related schools, private traditional day schools, "free" schools (where students can explore individual differences)

Enrollment in Private Schools (2 characteristics)

- Slight decline possibly due to availability of charter schools

- Will likely remian stable unless gov't starts offering more vouchers

Homeschooling (3 Characteristics)

- Type of private schooling allowed in all states

- Has increased dramatically in last 20 years

- students are typically homeschooled if parents are concerned with safety or instruction in public school

Requirements of Homeschools (4)

- Equivalent curriculum

- parent or adult teaching must be qualified

- systematic reporting to school authorities

- minimum number of instruction hours daily

About this deck

By: Hailey Seidl
Created: 2010-12-05
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 48

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj