Chapter 15 - Social Behavior
Psychology 105 with Gordon at University of North Carolina-Wilmington
About this deck
By: Ashley Harrington
Textbook:
Introduction to Psychology
Created: 2011-03-21
Size: 45 flashcards
Views: 8
Textbook:
Introduction to PsychologyCreated: 2011-03-21
Size: 45 flashcards
Views: 8
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy
Sign up (free) to study this.
Social Psychology
the branch of psychology concerned with the way individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others.
Person Perception
the process of forming impressions of others
Stereotypes
widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group.
ex] gender and ethnicity play a role in developing these
ex] gender and ethnicity play a role in developing these
Ethnic Stereotype
opinion formed based on the ethnicity of a person
Occupational Stereotype
opinion formed based on the occupation of an individual
Illusory Correlation
occurs when people estimate that they have encountered more conformations of an association between social traits than they have actually seen; in other words, people not only see what they expect to see, they also tend to overestimate how often they see it.
Ingroup
a group that one belongs to and identifies with
Outgroup
a group that one does not belong to or identify with
Attributions
inferences that people draw about the causes of events, others' behavior, and their own behavior
*people make these because they have a strong need to understand their exepriences
*people make these because they have a strong need to understand their exepriences
Internal Attributions
ascribe the causes of behavior to personal dispositions, traits, abilities, and feelings
*personal factors
*personal factors
External Attributions
ascribe the causes of behavior to the situational demands and environmental constraints
*environmental factors
*environmental factors
Fundamental Attribution Error
refers to observers' bias in favor of internal attributions in explaining others' behavior
Actor
person exhibiting the behavior
Observer
person observing the behavior of another
Self-Serving Bias
the tendency to attribute one's successes to personal factors and one's failures to situational factors
*comes into play when people attempt to explain success and failure
*comes into play when people attempt to explain success and failure
Individualism
involves putting personal goals ahead of group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group memberships
Collectivism
involves putting group goals ahead of personal and defining one's identity in terms of the groups one belongs to
ex] family, tribe, work group, social class, caste, etc.
ex] family, tribe, work group, social class, caste, etc.
Interpersonal Attraction
refers to the positive feelings toward another
Key Factors in Attraction
Physical Attractiveness
Similarity Effects
Reciprocity Effects
Romantic Ideals
Similarity Effects
Reciprocity Effects
Romantic Ideals
Matching Hypothesis
proposes that males and females of approximately equal physical attractiveness are likely to select each other as partners
Reciprocity
liking people who show that they like you
Self-Enhancement Effect
one helps another feel good about themselves
Self-Verification
one seeks feedback that matches and supports their self-concepts
Passionate Love
a complete absorption in another that includes tender sexual feelings and the agony and ecstasy of intense emotion
Companionate Love
warm, trusting, tolerant affection for another whose life is deeply intertwined with one's own
Secure Adults
adults that find it relatively easy to get close to others and describe their love relations as trusting
Anxious-Ambivalent Adults
adults that have a preoccupation with love accompanied by expectations of rejection, and they described their love relations as volatile and marked by jealousy
Avoidant Adults
adults who find it difficult to get close to others and describe their love relations as lacking intimacy and trust
Source
the person who sends a communication
Message
the information transmitted by the source
Receiver
the person to whom the message is sent
Channel
the medium through which the message is sent
Dissonance Theory
assumes that inconsistency among attitudes propels people in the direction of attitude change
Cognitive Dissonance
exists when related attitudes or beliefs are inconsistent - that is, when they contradict each other
Conformity
when people yield to real or imagined social pressure; begin acting like the majority
*Asch's Experiments
*Asch's Experiments
Obedience
a form of compliance that occurs when people follow direct commands, usually from someone in a position of authority
*Milgram Study
*Milgram Study
Social Roles
widely shared expectations about how people in certain positions are supposed to behave
ex] waitress, minister, students, flight attendants, etc.
*Zimbardo Prison Experiment
ex] waitress, minister, students, flight attendants, etc.
*Zimbardo Prison Experiment
Group
consists of two or more individuals who interact and are interdependent
Bystander Effect
people are less likely to provide needed help when they are in groups than when they are alone
Social Loafing
a reduction in effort by individuals when they work in groups as compared to when they work by themselves
Group polarization
occurs when group discussion strengthens a group's dominant point of view and produces shift toward a more extreme decision in that direction
Groupthink
occurs when members of a cohesive group emphasize concurrence at the expense of critical thinking in arriving at a decision
Group Cohesiveness
refers to the strength of the liking relationships linking group members to each other and to the group itself
Discrimination
involves behaving differently, usually unfairly, toward the members of a particular group
Prejudice
a negative attitude held toward members of a group
About this deck
By: Ashley Harrington
Textbook: Introduction to Psychology
Created: 2011-03-21
Size: 45 flashcards
Views: 8
Textbook:
Introduction to PsychologyCreated: 2011-03-21
Size: 45 flashcards
Views: 8
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy