Chapter 15

Political Science 1113 with Sheffield at University of Oklahoma

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By: Leah Smith
Created: 2010-05-08
Size: 16 flashcards
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Civil liberties

Freedoms guaranteed to individuals

Civil rights

Powers or privileges guaranteed to individuals and protected from arbitrary removal at the hands of government or individuals.

Establishment clause

First clause in the First Amendment, which forbids government establishment of religion.

Free-exercise clause

The second clause in the First Amendment, which prevents the government from interfering with the exercise of religion.

Strict Scrutiny

A standard used by the Supreme court in deciding whether a law or policy is to be adjudged constitutional. To pass strict scrutiny, the low or policy must be justified by a "compelling governmental interest," must be narrowly tailored, and must be the least restrictive means for achieving that interest.

Free-expression clause

The press and speech clauses of the First Amendment.

Prior Restraint

Censorship before publication.

Clear and present danger test

A means by which the Supreme Court has distinguished between speech as the advocacy of ideas, which is protected by the First Amendment, and speech as incitement, which is not protected.

Fighting words

Speech that is not protected by the First Amendment because it inflicts injury or tends to incite an immediate dsiturbance of the peace.

Public Figure

People who assume roles of prominence in society or thrust themselves to the forefront of public controversy.

Bill of attainder

A law that pronounces an individual guilty of a crime without a trial.

Ex post facto laws

Laws that declare an action to be criminal after it has been performed.

Obligation of contracts

The obligation of the parties to a contract to carry out its terms.

Miranda Warnings

Statements concerning rights that police are required to make to a person before he/she is subjected to in custody questioning.

Exclusionary rule

The judicial rule that states that evidence obtained in the illegal search and seizure cannot be used in trial.

Good faith exception

An exception to the exclusionary rule, holding that evidence seized on the basis of a mistakenly issued search warrant can be introduced at trial if the mistake was made in good faith, that is, if all the the parties involved had reason at the time to believe the the warrant was proper.

About this deck

By: Leah Smith
Created: 2010-05-08
Size: 16 flashcards
Views: 14

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj