Chapter 15

Microbiology 509 with Abedon at Ohio State University - All Campuses

About this deck

By: Delilah Rietow
Created: 2012-02-29
Size: 23 flashcards
Views: 13

About StudyBlue

STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school. Things like online flashcards with photos and audio. Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next. Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone. STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj

Sign up (free) to study this.

Portal of Entry

Location on the body at which a pathogen or parasite can enter especially to cause disease.

Parenteral Route

Movement directly through the skin or mucous membrane via either intentional or accidental breaks.

ID₅₀

Number of units of infectious agents that individual organisms must be exposed to such that on average half will become infected.

Adherence (Adhesion)

Attachment of microorganisms to tissues, especially intentionally on the part of the microorganism.

Biofilm

Surface-associated conglomerations of microbial cell that are encased to greater or lesser extents within extracellular polymeric substances.

Capsule

Layer of extracellular polymer that is firmly attached in some abundance to the surface of certain bacterial species.

M Protein

Streptococcus pyogenes-associated molecule involved in adherence to epithelial cells as well resistance to phagocytosis.

Fimbriae

Protein projections from the surface of bacteria used for attachment to other surfaces; hundreds can be found on a single bacterium.

Coagulase

Enzyme that converts prothrombin to thrombin, a process normally seen only in the course of blood clotting.

Antigenic Variation

Potential for microorganisms to change the proteins and carbohydrates that they produce so as to avoid host immune systems.

Siderophore

Soluble, extracellular protein employed by bacteria to scavenge iron from their environment.

Toxins (bacterial)

Poisonous materials intentionally or inadvertently released into the extracellular environment.

Toxigenicity

Measure of especially a microorganism's potential or ability to produce poisonous substances.

Exotoxin

Substance produced by bacteria which in a soluble form – that is, separated from the bacterial cell that produces it – causes specific and often severe damaging impacts on especially eukaryotic cells and organisms.

Antitoxin

Immunoglobulins capable of inactivating especially soluble bacterial virulence factors, e.g., as these immunoglobulins may be administered to treat disease.

Hemolysin

Exotoxin capable of breaking open red blood cells.

Superantigen

Proteins that serve as non-specific activators of T cells, wreaking havoc on animal immune functions.

Endotoxin

Lipid A portion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that the body uses as one means of detecting and then reacting to bacterial infections.

Lipid A

Substance that anchors LPS in the Gram-negative outer membrane and which is detected in bodies as endotoxin.

Septic Shock

Effectively a body-wide inflammatory response that occurs in response especially to substantial endotoxin access to the blood.

Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) Assay

Horseshoe crab-based assay for endotoxin presence.

Lysogenic Conversion

Modification of host phenotype through prophage gene expression.

Portal of Exit

Location on the body from which a pathogen or parasite can leave especially towards transmission to new hosts to infect.

About this deck

By: Delilah Rietow
Created: 2012-02-29
Size: 23 flashcards
Views: 13

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj