Chapter 16

Biological Sciences 183 with Grant at North Carolina State University

About this deck

By: Brooke Harrington
Created: 2011-04-05
Size: 22 flashcards
Views: 5

About StudyBlue

STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school. Things like online flashcards with photos and audio. Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next. Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone. STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj

Sign up (free) to study this.

Hybridization

a situation in which two individuals with different characteristics are mated or crossed to each other, the offspring are referred to as hybrids.

Test Cross

a cross to determine if an individual with a dominant phenotype is a homozygote or a heterozygote. Also, a cross to determine if two different genes are linked.

Monohybrid Cross

a cross in which the inheritance of only one trait is followed.

Dihybrid Cross

a cross in which the inheritance of the two different traits is followed.

Punnett Square

a common method for predicting the outcome of simple genetic crosses.

Mendels Law of Segregation

states that two copies of a gene segregate from each other during gamete formation and during transmission from parent to offspring.

Mendel's law of independent assortment

states that the alleles of different genes assort independently of each other during gamete formation.

Chromosome Theory of inheritance

an explanation of how the steps of meiosis account for the inheritance patterns observed by Mendel.

Checkpoint proteins

a protein that sense if a cell is in the proper condition to divide and prevents a cell from progressing through the cell cycle if it is not.

Pedigree analysis

an examination of the inheritance of human traits in families.

Sex-influenced inheritance

the phenomenon in which an allele is dominate in one sex but recessive in the other.

Stamen

: a flower organ that produces the male gametophyte, pollen.

anther and filament

Stigma

in a flower, the topmost portion of the pistil which receives and recognizes the pollen of the appropriate species or genotype.

Pistil

stigma, style, and ovary

female part of the plant

Genes

a unit of heredity that contributes to the characteristics or traits of an organism. At the molecular level, a gene is composed of organized sequences of DNA.

Allele

a variant form of a gene.

Gene locus

the physical location of a gene on a chromosome.

Wild-type allele

one or more prevalent alleles in a population.

autosomes

all of chromosomes found in the cell nucleus of eukaryotes except for the sex chromosomes.

Sex chromosomes

a distinctive pair of chromosomes that are different in males and females.

Incomplete dominance

the phenomenon in which a heterozygote that carries two different alleles exhibits a phenotype that is intermediate between the corresponding homozygous individuals.

Co-dominance

the phenomenon in which a single individual expresses two alleles

About this deck

By: Brooke Harrington
Created: 2011-04-05
Size: 22 flashcards
Views: 5

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj