Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry
Biology 250 with Turtinen at University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire
About this deck
By: Brooke Jewell
Textbook:
Introduction to Microbiology: A Case-History Study Approach (with CD-ROM and InfoTrac®)
Student Study Guide t/a Anatomy & Physiology: SSG
Created: 2009-02-09
Size: 39 flashcards
Views: 7
Textbook:
Introduction to Microbiology: A Case-History Study Approach (with CD-ROM and InfoTrac®) Student Study Guide t/a Anatomy & Physiology: SSGCreated: 2009-02-09
Size: 39 flashcards
Views: 7
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Atomic Number
the number of protons (and electrons) an atom contains is called its atomic number
Atomic mass
proton plus neutrons; the mass of atoms is measured in atomic weight units (amu)
Isotope
atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic weight
Radioisotope
radioactive which means unstable because extra neutrons, which it doesn?t like so it gives off radioactive in form of electrons
Electronegativity
determines where electrons want to be rather be without than hydrogen giving hydrogen a partial positive charge and Oxygen a partial negative charge being shared but not equally
Elements
is matter composed of atoms all of which have same atomic number name for one type of atom
molecules
two or more atoms joined together
molecular weight
the total of the atomic weights of all the a molecules atoms
mole
Avogadro?s number (6.02x10 23) of molecules
gram atom
The equivalent term foratoms instead of molecules is gram atom
bonds
Strength of bonds (relate to energy)
ionic bond
chemical attraction between oppositely charged ions
hydrogen bond
linkages that from when hydrogen atoms are shared between two molecules or between different parts of the same molecule
covalent bond
The chemical bond formed by sharing pairs of electrons between atoms strongest bond, harder to break, hold most energy
octect rule
atoms want to have 8 electrons in outer shell
chemical reactions
occurs when atoms or molecules (called reactants) collide and are changed into different combinations of the same atoms (called products)
Polar covalent bond
positive and negative ends are different
non polar covalent bond
no different electron spend as much time with each element
Metabolism
Lots of covalent bond where you have stored energy broken down during metabolism so energy is released; process breaking glucose down energy then used to make new products
Water
most abundant molecule in cells
Solvent
dispersed in a liquid
Solute
individual molecules of a substance
Solution
solvent and solute
Buffer
Control amount of hydrogen ions in solution of weak acid/base
Weak
acid of base dissociated only partially
Strong
acid of base dissociate almost completely
Hydrophilic
Chemicals that can dissolve in water, water loving
Hydrophobic
water fearing (oils)
pH
Describe quantitatively how acidic or basic a particular solution is
pH scale
is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution, we also know the concentration of hydroxide ions because the two are inversely related
0-14 on the pH scale
zero describes highly acidic solutions and 14 describes highly basic solutions
Value of pH
: is the negative exponent of the concentration of H+ ions
Molarity
Moles per liter, if we know the concentration of H+ in a solution, we no pH
Macromolecules
contain thousand- millions of atoms, determine most of cell?s structures and functions
4 main classes of macromolecules found in cells are
proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and lipids
Polymers
many parts; built from monomers
Dehydration synthesis
removal of water
Hydrolysis
?breaking with H20? reaction occurs in cells, an organism break down macromolecule into monomers to obtain nutrients or building blocks for new cell structures
Proteins
next to water most abundant component of cells
About this deck
By: Brooke Jewell
Textbook: Introduction to Microbiology: A Case-History Study Approach (with CD-ROM and InfoTrac®)
Student Study Guide t/a Anatomy & Physiology: SSG
Created: 2009-02-09
Size: 39 flashcards
Views: 7
Textbook:
Introduction to Microbiology: A Case-History Study Approach (with CD-ROM and InfoTrac®) Student Study Guide t/a Anatomy & Physiology: SSGCreated: 2009-02-09
Size: 39 flashcards
Views: 7
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
Dennis