chapter 2 flashcards

Biology 101 with Guffey at University of Tennessee - Knoxville

About this deck

By: Kara Davidson
Textbook:

The Canon: A Whirligig Tour of the Beautiful Basics of Science
Created: 2010-09-17
Size: 32 flashcards
Views: 59

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a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by ordinary chemical means

What four elements make up 96% of the weight of the human body?

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

trace elements

essential elements only needed in minute quantities

what is the affect of iodine deficiency?

causes the thyroid gland to grow to abnormal size; condition called goiter

compound

substance consisting of two or more different element combined in a fixed ratio

What elements form sugar?

carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Protein compound

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur

What keeps electrons near the nucleus?

the attraction between the negatively charged electrons and the positively charged protons

Atomic number

determines the location of the element on the periodic table, also is determined by the number of protons

Mass number

sum of the protons and neutrons in its nucleus

atomic mass

(weight) is approximately equal to its nass number and the sum of its protons and neutrons

Isotopes

same number of protons and elections but have a different number of neutrons

radioactive isotope

the nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and enery; can damage cellular molecules and can pose serious risks to living orgainsms but sometimes can be helpful

radioactive tracers

biologists use them to follow molecules as they undergo chemical changes in an organism; used in medicine and diagnosis

Dangers of radio active isotopes

uncontrolled exposure to them can harm living organisms by damaging molecules, especially DNA

the ________ an electron is from the nucleus, the greater its energy

farther

chemical bonds

atoms staying close together held by attractions

ion

an atom or molecule with an electrical charge resulting from a gain or loss of one or more electrons

covalent bonds form a _________.

molecule

single bond

single line between atoms

double bond

indicated by a pair of lines

valence

bonding capacity

electronegativity

an atom's attraction for shared electrons

nonpolar covalent bonds

electrons are shared equally between atoms

hydrogen bond

positively charged region in this special type of bond is always a hydrogen atom

cohesion

the tendency of molecules to stick together

adhesion

the clinging of one substance to another

because of hydrogen bonding. water can better______ temperature change

resist

heat

the amount of enery associated with the movement of atoms and molecules in a body of matter

temperature

mesures the intensity of heat; the average speed of molecules rather than the total amount of heat energy in a body of matter

heat must be________ in order to break hydrogen bonds

absorbed

surface tension

a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

About this deck

By: Kara Davidson
Textbook:

The Canon: A Whirligig Tour of the Beautiful Basics of Science
Created: 2010-09-17
Size: 32 flashcards
Views: 59

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy