Chapter 25
Biology 2804 with Sheppard at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
About this deck
By: Ashley Fontan
Textbook:
Elements of Ecology (7th Edition)
Created: 2010-11-30
Size: 28 flashcards
Views: 40
Textbook:
Elements of Ecology (7th Edition)Created: 2010-11-30
Size: 28 flashcards
Views: 40
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Zone between terrestrial and marine environments
coastal environments - classified based on underlying geology and substrate
Zone between freshwater and land
terrestrial wetlands - dominated by plants that occur where the soil remains saturated for most of the year
Supratlittoral or supertidal zone of rocky shores
gradual transition from lichens and land plants to marine life dependent at least partly on tidal waters
Supralittoral fringe of rocky shores
where saltwater comes only once every two weeks on the spring tides; marked by the black sonze, named for the thin black layer of cyanobacteria
Littoral or intertidal zone of rocky shores
covered and uncovered daily by the tides
Infalittoral fringe of rocky shores
the lowest part of the littoral zone; uncovered only at the spring tides and is exposed for short periods of time
Infralittoral or subtidal zone of rocky shores
open water
Epifauna
organisms that live on the sediment surface (ghost crabs)
Infauna
organisms that live in the sediments (within tubs or burrows - tube worms)
Meiofauna
organisms that live between sand and mud particles (copepods)
Salt or tidal marshes
occur in temperate latitudes where coastlines are protected from wave action; structure is determined by tides and salinity
Distinctive vegetation of seaward edge of salt marshes
grasses that have a high tolerance for salinity
Distinctive vegetation of high marsh of salt marshes
stands at the level of mean high water and supports a variety of plants
Mangrove forests
cover 60 to 75 percent of the coastline of tropical regions; develop where wave action is absent, sediments accumulate, and the muds are anoxic
3 conditions required for mangrove swamps
warm subtropical or tropical waters, sheltered conditions, shallow water
Red mangroves
grow directly in the salt water; germinates while still on the tree and produces prop roots to anchor it to the bottom
Black mangroves
grow further inland than red mangroves; produce protruding roots called pneumatophores to help it breathe in the oxygen poor mud
White and grey mangroves
are on shore and in drier conditions
Mangrove forest canopy
home to many birds, insects, and other animals
Roots of red mangrove
provides attachment for many animals and plants
Intertidal zone of mangrove forests
tidal effect is inches in the tropics compared to feet in temperate latitudes, organisms living here will be exposed to air during part of the day
Subtidal zone of mangrove forests
includes several feet of water depth and the bottom (mixture of sand, mud, and detritus and contains nutrients which directly support most of the aquatic life i the mangroves)
Wetlands
cover 6% of Earth's surface and are found in every climatic zone; have calm, dense fresh water with very little current
Hydrophytic plants
plants adapted to grow in water or on soil that is periodically anaerobic
Obligate wetland plants
require saturated soils
Facultative wetland plants
can grow in either saturated or upland soil
Occasional wetland plants
usually found out of wetland environments but can tolerate wetlands
Environmental and socioeconomic values in jeopardy due to loss of wetlands
waterfowl habitat, groundwater supply and quality, floodwater storage, and sediment trapping
About this deck
By: Ashley Fontan
Textbook: Elements of Ecology (7th Edition)
Created: 2010-11-30
Size: 28 flashcards
Views: 40
Textbook:
Elements of Ecology (7th Edition)Created: 2010-11-30
Size: 28 flashcards
Views: 40
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
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“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
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