Chapter 3 The Americans
American History Schultz Nourse with Schultz Nourse at Forest High School
About this deck
By: Therese "Terry" Schultz Nourse
Textbook:
The Americans: Reconstruction to the 21st Century California Edition
Created: 2011-11-30
Size: 47 flashcards
Views: 56
Textbook:
The Americans: Reconstruction to the 21st Century California EditionCreated: 2011-11-30
Size: 47 flashcards
Views: 56
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Democratic- Republicans
political party known for its support of strong state governments, founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1792 in opposition to the Federalist Party.
Jeffersonian republicanism
Jefferson's theory of government, which held that a simple government best suited the needs of the people.
Marbury v. Madison
an 1803 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that it had power to abolish legislative acts by declaring them unconstitutional; this power came to be known as judicial review.
John Marshall
the Federalist chief justice in the U.S.
judicial review
the Supreme Court's power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.
Louisiana Purchase
the 1803 purchase by the United States of France's Louisiana Territory - extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains - for $15 million.
impressment
the forcible seizure of men for military service.
James Monroe
president of the United States, elected in 1816, foreign affairs dominated his first term.
Monroe Doctrine
a policy of U.S. opposition to any European interference in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere, announced by President Monroe in 1823.
Henry Clay
the House Speaker who promoted Madison's plan as the "American System".
American System
a pre-Civil War set of measures designed to unify the nation and strengthen its economy by means of protective tariffs, a national bank, and such internal improvements as the development of a transportation system.
John C. Calhoun
a Southern from South Carolina that helped to convince congressmen to approve the Tariff of 1816.
Missouri Compromise
a series of agreements passed by Congress in 1820-1821 to maintain the balance of power between slave states and free states.
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson was a president of America, elected in 1828, he was very focused on expansion.
John Quincy Adams
the son of John Adams, ran for presidency against Andrew Jackson and won.
Jacksonian democracy
Jackson's political philosophy, based on his belief that common people were the source of American strength.
Trail of Tears
the marches in which the Cherokee people were forcibly removed from Georgia to the Indian Territory in 1838-1840, with thousands of the Cherokee dying on the way.
John Tyler
William Henry Harrison's vice-president, who became president after Harrison died a month after his inauguration.
manifest destiny
the 19th-century belief that the United States would inevitably expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory
Santa Fe Trail
a route from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe, New Mexico, used by traders in the early and mid-1800s.
Oregon Trail
a route from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon, used by pioneers traveling to the Oregon Territory.
Stephen F. Austin
a leader of American settlers in the Texas region.
Texas Revolution
the 1836 rebellion in which Texas gained its independence from Mexico.
the Alamo
a mission and fort in San Antonio, Texas, where Mexican forces massacred rebellious Texans in 1836.
Sam Houston
the commander of the rebels at the Alamo, after his victory he was elected president of the Republic of Texas in 1836.
James K. Polk
winner of the 1844 presidential election, favored the annexation of Texas.
Republic of California
the nation proclaimed by American settlers in California when they declared their independence from Mexico in 1846.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
the 1848 treaty ending the U.S. war with Mexico, in which Mexico ceded California and New Mexico to the United States.
market revolution
the major change in the U.S. economy produced by people's beginning to buy and sell goods rather than make them for themselves.
free enterprise
the economic system in which private businesses and individuals control the means of production.
entrepreneurs
people who organize, operate, and assume the risk for a business venture.
Samuel F. B. Morse
invented the telegraph in 1837, it could send messages in code in seconds.
Lowell textile mills
19th-century mills for the manufacture of cloth, located in Lowell, Massachusetts, that mainly employed young women.
strike
a work stoppage intended to force an employer to respond to demands.
immigration
coming to and settling in a country of which one is not a native.
National Trades' Union
the first national association of trade unions, formed in 1834.
Commonwealth v. Hunt
an 1842 case in which the Massachusetts Supreme Court upheld workers' right to strike.
abolition
movement to end slavery.
Unitarians
members of a religious group that emphasizes reason and faith in the individual.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
a writer, philosopher and former Unitarian minister, that helped to develop transcendentalism.
transcendentalism
a philosophical and literary movement of the 1800s that emphasized living a simple life and celebrated the truth found in nature and in personal emotion and imagination.
William Lloyd Garrison
a radical white abolitionist that established his own antislavery paper in 1828 called The Liberator.
Frederick Douglass
a former slave who escaped and went on to become an eloquent and outspoken critic of slavery.
Nat Turner
he lead one of the biggest slave rebellions in 1831, he was eventually captured and killed.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
an abolitionist that also believed strongly in women's rights and helped to organize the Seneca Falls convention.
Seneca Falls convention
a women's rights convention held in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848.
Sojourner Truth
an outspoken former female slave that argued for the rights of both women and African Americans.
About this deck
By: Therese "Terry" Schultz Nourse
Textbook: The Americans: Reconstruction to the 21st Century California Edition
Created: 2011-11-30
Size: 47 flashcards
Views: 56
Textbook:
The Americans: Reconstruction to the 21st Century California EditionCreated: 2011-11-30
Size: 47 flashcards
Views: 56
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy