Chapter 4 FROM EXCEL

Allied Medicine 500 with Maxwell at Ohio State University - All Campuses

About this deck

By: Ashley Archer
Textbook:

Medical Terminology for Health Professions (Medical Terminology for Health Professions (Ehrlich))
Created: 2011-10-12
Size: 74 flashcards
Views: 22

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abduction99

is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

activities of daily living/ADL/ADLs

include bathing, grooming, brushing, teeth, eating and dressing.

adduction

is the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body

adhesion

a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

anticholingeric (anticholinergic)/ antispasmodic drug classification

is administered to suppress smooth muscle contractions of the stomach, intestine, or bladder.

ataxia

is the inability to coordinated muscle activity during voluntary movement.

atonic

means lacking normal muscle tone or strength

atrophy

means weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures.

bradykinesia

is extreme slowness is movement.

carpal tunnel syndrome

occurs when the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel chroncially overused and become inflamed and swollen.

-cele

hernia, tumor, swelling

chronic fatigue syndrome/CFS

a disorder of unknown cause that affects many body systems.

circumduction

is the circular movement of a limb at the far end.

contracture

the permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissue are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissue.

deep tendon reflex/DTR

are tested with a reflex hammer that is used to strike a tendon.

dorsiflexion

is the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle. Decreases the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg.

dystaxia

also known as partial ataxia is a mild form of ataxia.

dystonia

is a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.

electromyography/EMG

a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation.

electroneuromyography

also known as nerve conduction studies, is a diagnostic procedure for testing and recording neuromusclar activity by the electric stimulation of the nerve trunk that carries fibers to and from the muscle.

epicondylitis

is inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow

ergonomics

is the study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment.

exercise physiologist

is a specialist who works under the supervision of a physician to develop, implement, and coordinated exercise programs and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness.

fasci/o

fascia

fasciitis

is inflammation of a fascia.

fibr/o

fiber

fibromyalgia syndrome

is a debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue, diffuse and or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain, and a wide range of other symptons.

ganglion cyst

is a harmless fluid filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist.

heel spur

is a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus (heel) bone that can be one of the causes of plantar fasciitis.

hemiparesis

is a slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body.

hemiplegia

is total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.

hyperkinesia

is abnormally increased muscle function or activity.

hypertonia

is a condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscle.

hypokinesia

is abnormally increased muscle function or activity.

hypotonia

a condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles.

impingement syndrome

occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the should joint.

intermittent claudication

is pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.

kines/o, kinesi/o

movement

muscul/o, my/o, myos/o

muscle

muscular dystrophy/MD

30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system.

myasthenia gravis/MG

a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromusclar junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.

myocele

is the herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.

myoclonus

is the sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles.

myofascial release

a specialized soft tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporonadibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.

myolysis

the degeneration of muscle tissue.

myoparesis

a weakness or slight muscular paralysis.

myorrhaphy

is the surgical suturing a muscle wound.

myotonia

is a neromusclar disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after a voluntary contraction.

nocturnal myoclonus

jerking of the limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling asleep.

oblique

means slanted or at an angle

paralysis

is the loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply.

paraplegia

the paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.

physiatrist

a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring functions.

physical therapist/PT

helps treatment to prevent disability or to restore functioning through the use of exercise, heat, massage and other methods to improve circulation, flexibility and muscle strength.

plantar fasciitis

is an inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot.

-plegia

paralysis

polymyositis

a muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body.

pronation

the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.

quadriplegia

is paralysis of all four extremities.

rest, ice, compression, elevation/RICE

the most common first aid treatment of muscular injuries.

sarcopenia

the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging.

shin splint

is a painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia.

singultus

also known as hiccups,

spasmodic torticollis

is a stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side.

sphincter

a ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of the passageway.

spinal cord injury/SCI

determined by the level of the vertebra closest to the injury.

sprain

an injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist that usually involves a stretched or torn ligament.

tax/o

coordination

ten/o, tendo/, tendin/o

tendon

tenodesis

the surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone.

tenodynia

pain in the tendon

tenolysis

is the release of a tendon from adhesion.

tenorrhaphy

is surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon.

ton/o

muscle tone

About this deck

By: Ashley Archer
Textbook:

Medical Terminology for Health Professions (Medical Terminology for Health Professions (Ehrlich))
Created: 2011-10-12
Size: 74 flashcards
Views: 22

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis