Chapter 4 Skeleton (B)

1 Healthy People 2010: Reduce and Eliminate Health Disparities B. Lee Green, Ph.D. Vice President, Office of Institutional Diversity Research Professor, Health Outcomes and Behavior H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute Healthy People 2010 Goals ? Goal 1: Increase the Quality and Years of Healthy life ? The first goal of Healthy People 2010 is to help individuals of all ages increase life expectancy and improve their quality of life. ? Goal 2: Eliminate Health Disparities ? The second goal of Healthy People 2010 is to eliminate health disparities among different segments of the population. Definition of Health Disparities ?Differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases and other adverse health condition that exist among specific population groups in the United States? -The National Institute of Health (NIH) 2 President Clinton's Initiatives President Clinton?s Initiatives ? President Clinton Committed the Nation to an ambitious goal by the year 2010 ? Eliminate the disparities in six areas of health status ? Infant Mortality ? Cancer Screening and Management ? Cardiovascular Disease ? Diabetes ? HIV Infection/AIDS ? Immunizations Infant Mortality ? Infant mortality (IM) is an important measure of the nation?s health ? IM rate aid in determining the health of a population ? IM rates vary among racial and ethnic groups 3 To Achieve Reductions ? Focus on modifying behaviors, lifestyles, and conditions that affect birth outcomes ? Smoking ? Substance Abuse ? Poor Nutrition ? Stress ? Domestic Violence ? Lack of Prenatal Care ? Medical Problems ? Chronic Illness Cancer Screening and Management ? Cancer is the 2 nd Leading Cause of Death in the U.S. ? More than 544,000 death each year ? Minority groups suffer disproportionately from cancer Prevention is the Key ? Much can be done to reduce the burden through prevention ? Modify lifestyles ? Tobacco is responsible for 1/3 of all cancer deaths ? Diet and Nutrition is responsible for 30-40 % of caner deaths ? Regular Mammography screening and follow-up can reduce deaths by 30% ? Pap test for cervical cancer can virtually eliminate the risk of developing the disease 4 Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) ? CVD is the leading cause of death among all racial and ethnic groups ? Kills nearly as many Americans as all the other diseases combined ? Leading cause of disability in the US HIV Infection/AIDS ? 650,000 ? 900,000 Americans estimated to be living with HIV Infection ? Disproportionately affects the minority populations ? Minorities account for 25% of the total US population but account for 54% of all AIDS cases Prevention ? Recognition of risk ? Detection ? Follow-up care ? Better prevention stragegies ? Culturally and linquisically apropriate ? Counseling ? Outreach ? Case management ? Access to HIV testing, treatment, and related services 5 Child and Adult Immunization ? Childhood Immunization rates are at an all time high, however there is still a large gap ? Tend to be large urban areas with traditionally underserved populations ? Older adults are at increased risk for many vaccine-preventable diseases and have low vaccine utilization numbers Healthy People 2010 Healthy People 2010 is dedicated to the principle that regardless of age, gender, race, ethnicity, income, education, geographic location, disability and sexual orientation every person in every community across the Nation deserves equal access to comprehensive, culturally competent, community-based health care systems that are committed to serving the needs of the individual and promoting community health. aicke Microsoft PowerPoint - Understanding Health Disparities