Chapter 5
Astronomy 102 with Fraser at California State University - Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
About this deck
By: Courtney Allen
Textbook:
The Cosmic Perspective: Stars, Galaxies, and Cosmology with MasteringAstronomy? (6th Edition)
Created: 2011-11-04
Size: 28 flashcards
Views: 10
Textbook:
The Cosmic Perspective: Stars, Galaxies, and Cosmology with MasteringAstronomy? (6th Edition)Created: 2011-11-04
Size: 28 flashcards
Views: 10
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How do light and matter interact?
- emission
- absorption
- transmission
- transparent objects transmit light
- opaque objects block (absorb) light
- reflection or scattering
- absorption
- transmission
- transparent objects transmit light
- opaque objects block (absorb) light
- reflection or scattering
Why is a rose red?
The rose reflects red light
How do we experience light?
Light is a form of energy
Light comes in many colors that combine to form white light
Light comes in many colors that combine to form white light
What is light?
Light can act either like a wave or like a particle
Photons
Particles of light
Energy of a photon depends on its frequency
Energy of a photon depends on its frequency
Wave
a pattern of motion that can carry energy without carrying matter along with it
Wavelength
the distance between two wave peaks
Frequency
the number of times per second that a wave vibrates up and down
Polarization
Describes the direction in which a light wave is vibrating
Reflection can change the polarization of light
Reflection can change the polarization of light
The higher the photon energy...
The shorter its wavelength
What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
The entire range of wavelengths of light is known as the electromagnetic spectrum
Atomic Number
Number of protons in nucleus
Atomic Mass Number
Number of protons and neutrons
Molecules
consist of two or more atoms (H2O, CO2)
Isotope
Same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
What are the phases of matter?
Solid (ice)
Liquid (water)
Gas (water vapor)
Liquid (water)
Gas (water vapor)
Ionization
Stripping of electrons, changing atoms into plasma
Dissociation
Breaking of molecules into atoms
Evaporation
Breaking of flexible chemical bonds, changing liquid into solid
Melting
Breaking of rigid chemical bonds, changing solid into liquid
What is the structure of matter?
Matter is made of atoms, which consist of a nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of electrons.
What are the three basic types of spectra?
Emission Line Spectrum
Continuous Spectrum
Absorption Line Spectrum
Continuous Spectrum
Absorption Line Spectrum
Continuous Spectrum
The spectrum of common (incandescent) light bubl spans all visible wavelengths, without interruption
Emission Line Spectrum
A thin or low-density cloud of gas emits light only at specific wavelengths that depend omits composition and temperature, producing a spectrum with bright emission lines.
Absorption Line Spectrum
A cloud of gas between us and a light bulb can absorb light of specific wavelengths, leaving dark absorption lines in the spectrum.
Thermal Radiation
Nearly all large or dense objects emit thermal radiation
depends only on temperature
depends only on temperature
Properties of Thermal Radiation
1. Hotter objects emit more light at all frequencies per unit area.
2. Hotter objects emit photons with a higher average energy
2. Hotter objects emit photons with a higher average energy
How does light tell us the speed of a distant object?
The doppler effect tells us how fast an object is moving toward or away from us.
- blueshift: object moving toward us
- redshift: objects moving away from us
- blueshift: object moving toward us
- redshift: objects moving away from us
About this deck
By: Courtney Allen
Textbook: The Cosmic Perspective: Stars, Galaxies, and Cosmology with MasteringAstronomy? (6th Edition)
Created: 2011-11-04
Size: 28 flashcards
Views: 10
Textbook:
The Cosmic Perspective: Stars, Galaxies, and Cosmology with MasteringAstronomy? (6th Edition)Created: 2011-11-04
Size: 28 flashcards
Views: 10
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy