Chapter 6
Chemistry 121 with Turner at Ohio State University - All Campuses
About this deck
By: Sarah Leachman
Textbook:
Chemistry: The Central Science (11th Edition)
Created: 2010-11-08
Size: 36 flashcards
Views: 21
Textbook:
Chemistry: The Central Science (11th Edition)Created: 2010-11-08
Size: 36 flashcards
Views: 21
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electronic structure
the arrangement of electrons in an atom or molecule
electromagnetic radiation
a form of energy that has wave characteristics and that propagates through a vaccum at the characteristic speed of 3.00X10^8
wavelength
the distance between identical points on successive waves
frequency
the number of times per second that one complete wavelength passes a given point
quantum
the smallest increment of radiant energy that may be absorbed or emitted
Planck's constant
the constant that relates the energy and frequency of a photon, E=hv
photoelectric effect
the emissions of electrons from a metal surface induced by light
photon
the smallest increment of radiant energy; with frequency v has and energy equal to hv
spectrum
the distribution among various wavelengths of the radiant energy emitted or absorbed by an object
continuous spectrum
a spectrum that contains radiation distributed over all wavelengths
line spectrum
a spectrum that contains radiation at only specific wavelenghts
ground state
the lowest-energy or most-stable state
excited state
a higher energy state then the the ground state
momentum
the product of the mass, m, and the velocity, v, of an object
matter waves
the term used to describe the wave characteristics of a particle
uncertainty principle
a principle stating that there is an inherent uncertainty in the precision with which we can simultaneously specify the position and momentum of a particle
wave function
a mathematical description of an allowed energy state (an orbital) for an electron in the quantum mechanical model of the atom
probability density
a value that represents the probability that an electron will be found at a given point in space
orbital
an allowed energy state of an electron in the quantum mechanical model of the atom
electron shell
a collection of orbitals that have the same value of n
subshell
one or more orbitals with the same quantum numbers n and l
radial probability function
the probability that the electron will be found at a certain distance from the nucleus
node
a locus of points an atom at which the electron density is zero
degenerate
a situation in which two or more orbitals have the same energy
electron spin
a property of the electron that makes it behave as a tiny magnet
spin magnetic quantum number
quantum number associated with electron spin
Pauli exclusion principle
a rule stating that no two electrons in an atom may have the same quantum numbers
electron configuration
a particular arrangement of electrons in orbitals of an atom
Hund's rule
each orbital has one electron placed in it before pairing of electrons in orbitals
core electron
the electrons that are not in the outermost shell of an atom
valence electron
the outermost electrons of an atom; occupy orbitals occupied in the nearest noble gas element of lower atomic number
transition elements
elements that occur in the d-orbitals which are partially occupied
lanthanide elements
element in which the 4f subshell is only partially occupied
actinide elements
element in which the 5f orbitals are only partially occupied
representative element
an element from within the s and p blocks of the periodic table
f-block metals
lanthanide and actinide elements in which the 4f and 5f orbitals are partially occupied
About this deck
By: Sarah Leachman
Textbook: Chemistry: The Central Science (11th Edition)
Created: 2010-11-08
Size: 36 flashcards
Views: 21
Textbook:
Chemistry: The Central Science (11th Edition)Created: 2010-11-08
Size: 36 flashcards
Views: 21
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
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