chapter 7

Medical Terminology 1 with Dude at University of Minnesota - Twin Cities

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By: Kelly Faber
Created: 2011-10-20
Size: 69 flashcards
Views: 3

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circulatory system

consists of the cardiovascular- (heart and blood vessels) and the lymphatic (structures involved in the conveyance of fluid lymph).
works with other body systems to maintain homeostasis

function of cardiovascular system

supply body cells with needed substances, transports waste products, maintains the acid-base balance of the body, prevents hemorrhage through blood clotting, protects against disease, helps regulate body temp

arteries

oxygen rich blood leaves heart by these vessels. arteries branch many times and become arterioles which branch even more into one-cell-thick walls- capillaries.

capillaries

are the site where oxygen and waste carbon dioxide are exchanged (are in the cell)

veins

carry blood back to heart from the cells by way of venae cavae. blood flows back to heart from the cell through the venules which flow into veins.

heart has 4 chambers

right atrium, right ventricle(lower than atrium), left atrium, left ventricle

atrioventricular (AV) valves

valves btw the atria (atrium) and ventricles
valves are:
1.tricuspid- valve on the right side (three valves)
2. bicuspid/mitral- valve on the left side (only 2 valves)

cuspid

refers to the small flaps that make up the atrioventricular valves

aorta

artery by which blood leaves the heart to be routed throughout the body. is semilunar- looks half-moon when valves are closed

pericardium

sac made up of a double membrane, encloses the heart

visceral/ epicardium

innermost layer of the pericardium

endocardium

forms the lining inside the heart

myocardium

heart muscle itself. thickest tissue of heart

coronary arteries

blood vessels that supply oxygen to the heart
coronary- encircling, in manner of a crown, and refers to the way in which coronary arteries encircle the heart in a crownlike fashion

angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o

vessel

aort/o

aorta- largest artery of the body
Aortic- pertaining to the aorta

arter/o, arteri/o

artery

arteriol/o

arteriole- smaller arteries

ather/o

yellow fatty plaque

phleb/o, ven/o

vein

venul/o

venule- smaller veins

cardiomyopathy

disease of the heart muscle inself

myocarditis

inflammation of the heart muscle
- each layer of heart can be inflamed- endocarditis, pericarditis

cardiac catheterization

passage of a long flexible tube into the heart chambers through a vein in an arm or leg or neck (invasive procedure)
-collects blood samples from different parts of the heart and determines pressure differences in various chambers

echocardiogram

record of the heart obtained by directing ultrasonic waves through the chest wall

angina pectoris

severe chest pain and constriction about the heart caused by an insufficient supply of blood to the heart itself

arrhythmia/dysrhythmia

irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

cardiomegaly

enlarged size of the heart

congenital heart defects

abnormalities present in the heart at birth- involving the septum

congestive heart failure

condition characterized by weakness, breathlessness, and edema in lower portions of the body

coronary artery disease

abnormal condition that affects the heart's arteries and produces various pathologic effects

coronary heart disease

heart damage resulting from insufficient oxygen caused by pathologic changes in the coronary arteries

fibrillation

severe cardiac arrhythmia which contractions are too rapid and uncoordinated for blood circulation

heart murmur

soft blowing or rasping sound that may be heard when listening to the heart with a stethoscope

hyperlipidemia

excessive lipids in the blood
id. cholesterol

hypertension

elevated blood pressure

hypotension

low blood pressure

infarction

necrosis (death of tissue) of a localized area of tissue caused by lack of blood supply to that area

myocardial ischemia

deficiency of blood supply to the myocardium

septal defect

defect in the wall separating the left and right sides of the heart

shock

serious condition which blood flow to the heart is reduced to such an extent that body tissues dont receive enough blood

vasodilation; vasoconstriction

increase in the diameter of a blood vessel; decrease in the diameter of a blood vessel

lipids

cholesterol, triglycerides- high levels of these cause greater risk of hardening of the arteries

angiomas

tumors consisting of blood vessels (hemangioma) or lymph vessels (lymphangioma)

thrombus

internal blood clot- can cause a stroke

embolism

sudden blocking of an artery or lymph vessel by foreign material that has been brought to the site of blockage by the circulating blood

varicose veins

swollen and knotted veins that occur in the legs

arteriosclerosis

hardening of the arteries

aneurysm

ballooning out of the wall of a vessel

cardiopumonary bypass

method used to divert blood away from the heart and lungs temporarily when surgery of the heart and major vessels is performed
-use a heart-lung pump

sinoatrial node

natural pacemaker of th eheart

cardioversion

restoring the hearts normal rhythm using electrical rhythm using electrical shock

cardioresuscitation (CPR)

emergency first aid procedure to reestablish heart and lung action if breathing or heart action has stopped

antiarrhythmic drugs

used to prevent, alleviate, or correct an abnormal heart rhythm
-ie. digoxin-drug that treats congestive heart failure and arrhythmias
nitroglycerin- relieves pain of angina pectoris

heparin

prescribed int he treatment and prevention of thromboembolic (foreign material brought to a vessel and causes a clot) disorders

vasodilators

medications that cause dilation of blood vessels

antihyertensives

agents that are used to reduce high blood pressure

diuretics

used to reduce the blood volume through greater excretion of h2o by the kidneys

function of lymphatic system

to collect fluid that escapes from the blood capillaries and return to the circulation
-composition= lymph nodes (small knots of tissue found at intervals along course fo the lymphatic vessels), lymph (fluid), thymus, spleen

tonsils

masses of lymphatic tissue located in depressions of the mucous membranes of the pharynx
types:
1. palatine tonsils- small masses located at back of throat
2. pharyngeal tonsils- adeniods

adenoid/o

adenoids

cervic/o

neck

home/o

sameness

lymphat/o

lymphatics

splen/o

spleen

thromb/o

thrombus, blood clot

lymphatic carcinoma

cancer that spread to the lymphatics from another site

lymphangitis

acute inflammation of lymphatic vessels

lymphadenitis

infammation of the lymph nodes

About this deck

By: Kelly Faber
Created: 2011-10-20
Size: 69 flashcards
Views: 3

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy