Chapter 8 Part 2

Nursing with Gifford at West Career and Technical Academy

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By: Alexandra Teekasingh
Created: 2012-01-27
Size: 42 flashcards
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Adrenergic fiber

Axons of a sympathetic postganglionic neuron

Anesthesia

A loss of sensation

Antidiuretic hormone

ADH, affects the volume of urine excreted

Arachnoidea mater

Membrane between the dura and the pia mater

Ascending tract

Conduct impulses up the cord to the brain

Autonomic or visceral effector

Tissues to which autonomic neurons conduct impulses. Visceral effectors are the cardiac muscle that makes up the wall of the heart, smooth muscle that partially makes up the walls of blood vessels and other hollow internal organs, and glandular epithelial tissue that makes up the secreting part of glands

Cerebral nuclei

Basal ganglia, function is essential for producing automatic movements and postures

Cerebrospinal fluid

Fluid that fills the subarachnoid spaces between the pia mater and arachnoid in the brain and spinal cord

Cerebrovascular accident

A hemorrhage from or cessation of blood flow through cerebral blood vessels

Cerebrum

Largest and uppermost part of the brain

Cholinergic fiber

Sympathetic preganglionic axon, parasympathetic preganglionic axon, parasympathetic postganglionic axon, parasympathetic presympathetic axon

Choroid plexus

Network of brain capillaries

Corpus callosum

Connects the halves of the cerebrum

Cranial and spinal nerves

Connect the brain and spinal cord to the peripheral structures such as the skin surface and the skeletal muscles

Craniosacral system

Parasympathetic system

Dermatome

Skin surface areas that are supplied by a single spinal nerve

Descending tract

Conduct impulses down the cord from the brain

Diencephalon

Small, important part of the brain located between the midbrain below and the cerebrum above. It consists of the hyptothalamus and thalamus.

Dura mater

Tough, outer layer that lines the vertebral canal

Fight-or-flight-response

The group of changes induced by sympathetic control; known as fight-or-flight response

Ganglia

Peripheral "junction boxes"

Gyri

Ridges are called convolutions or gyri

Herpes zoster, or shingles

Unique viral infection that almost always affects the skin of a single dermatome

Hydrocephalus

"Water on the brain"

Hypothalamus

Located below the thalamus

Limbic system

Emotional brain

Lumbar puncture

Withdrawal of some CSF from the subarachnoid space in the lumbar region of the spinal cord

Microglia

Smaller than astrocytes. Usually remain stationary, but inflamed or degenerating brain tissue, they enlarge, move about, and act as microbe-eating scavengers. Surround the microbes, draw them into their cytoplasm, and digest them.

Multiple sclerosis

Myelin disorder; characterized by myelin loss and destruction accompanied by varying degrees of oligodendrocyte cell injury and death.

Paralysis

Loss of the ability to make voluntary movements

Parasympathetic nervous system

Part of the autonomic nervous system

Pia mater

Innermost membrane covering the spinal cord itself

Plexus

Network of intersecting or "braided" branches of re-organized nerve fibers

Postganglionic neuron

Conduct impulses from a ganglion to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, or glandular epithelial tissue

Preganglionic neuron

Conduct impulses between the spinal cord and a ganglion

Spinal tract

Bundles of myelinated nerve fibers--the spinal tract--make up the white columns

Sulci

Grooves of the cerebrum

Sympathetic nervous system

Part of the autonomic nervous system

Sympathetic chain ganglia

Two chains of beads that are often referred to as the sympathetic chain ganglia

Sympathetic preganglionic neuron

Have dendrites and cell bodies in the gray matter of the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord

Sympathetic postganglionic neuron

Have dendrites and cell bodies in sympathetic ganglia

Thalamus

Dumbbell-shaped section of gray matter called the thalamus

About this deck

By: Alexandra Teekasingh
Created: 2012-01-27
Size: 42 flashcards
Views: 0

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj