Chapter 9: Attraction
Psychology 2606 with King at University of Colorado Boulder
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What are the four aspects to the general evaluation of attraction?
1. Propinquity
2. Physical attractiveness
3. Predictability
4. Similarity (may be the most important variable)
Propinquity
geographical closeness of proximity mat enhance attraction
What are the three different aspects to physical attractiveness?
1. Names & attraction
2. Cultural shifts in the perception of beauty
3. Ideal norms
How do predictability and attraction compare?
1. Attraction is often conservative--> predictability involves little risk and provides comfort
2. Boring if its too predictable--> high level of predictability is good...but not too high
What are the four aspects to similarity?
1. Actual similarity
2. Perceived similarity
3. Matching hypothesis
4. Attitude similarity
Actual similarity
true degree of similarity between two people (beliefs, intelligence, physical attractiveness)
Perceived similarity
degree of similarity that people believe exists between them
a. perceived similarity is usually more influential than actual similarities in a short term relationship
b. people with an unfavorable self-concept mat be more attracted to dissimilar people
Matching hypothesis
tendency to seek out ones own level of physical attractiveness
a. matched couples report higher levels of satisfaction than mismatched couples
b. mismatched couples--> greater dissatisfaction and higher divorce rates
Sexual Attraction
Response to certain cues (odor, appearance, behavior)
Sexual Pheromones
Bodily secretions
Who did research on attachment and tactile (touch) stimulation
Harry F. Harlow
What did Harry F. Harlow's research include and show?
A. Appetitive model: nourishment bases for attachment (behaviorist idea)
B. Cloth vs. Wire mother: direct test of tactile cs. appetite
1. wire mother: nourishment but cold
2. warm but no bottle. soft
Chose the cloth mother
Who did the research on types of love?
John Lee
What are the 3 types of primary love?
1. Eros
2. Ludus
3. Storge
Eros love
romantic passionate love
Ludus love
game playing love--> "Coolidge effect"
bored very easily
Storge love
friendship love, platonic
What are the 3 types of secondary love?
1. Pragma
2. Mania
3. Agape
Pragma love
logical practical love
Mania love
possessive dependent lover
Agape love
selfless altruistic love
Who created the triangular theory of love?
Sternberg
What are the three aspects of the triangular theory of love? What component do they include?
1. Intimacy- emotional component
2. Passion- motivational component
3. Decision & Commitment- cognitive component
*Single components in love. What do they include. What do they NOT include.
1. Liking: WITH intimacy NOT passion or commitment
2. Infatuated: WITH passion NOT intimacy or commitment
3. Empty love: WITH commitment NOT passion or intimacy
-Example: staying together for the kids, marry for money
*Multiple components in love (combinations of single components). What do they include. What do they NOT include.
1. Romantic love: intimacy & passion but NO commitment
-Example: Grease
2. Companionate love: intimacy & commitment NO passion
-No sex before marriage, long distance relationship
3. Fatuous love: passion & commitment NO intimacy
4. Consumate love: all 3, passion, commitment, and intimacy
Social anxiety disorders
intense feelings of discomfort in situations that invite public scrutiny
Need for affiliation
the desire to establish and maintain many rewarding interpersonal relationships
number one cause: stress
What kind of test is used to observe shyness? What does it look at?
fMRI, looks at the amygdala
Loneliness
is a feeling of deprivation about existing social relations, the loneliest group is people 18-30 years old
Mere exposure effect
the phenomenon whereby the more often people are exposed to a stimulus, the more positively they evaluate that stimulus
What-is-beautiful-is-good-stereotype
the belief that physically attractive people also possess desirable personality characteristics
Matching hypothesis
the proposition that people are attracted to others who are similar in physical attractiveness
Reciprocity
a mutual exchange between what we give and what we receive
Hard-to-get-effect
the tendency to prefer people who are highly selective in their social choices over those who are more readily available
Social exchange theory
a perspective that views people as motivated to maximize benefits and minimize costs in their relationships with others
Equity theory
the theory that people are most satisfied with a relationship when the ratio between benefits and contributions is similar for both relationships
Exchange relationship
a relationship in which the participants expect and desire strict reciprocity in their interactions
Communal relationship
a relationship in which the participants expect
Attachment style
the way a person typically interacts with significant others
About this deck
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
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Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
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