Chapter Ten: Consciousness
Psychology 101 with Jacobs at Rutgers University - New Brunswick/Piscataway
About this deck
By: Anonymous
Textbook:
Psychology
Study Guide for Nairne's Psychology, 5th
Created: 2011-10-27
Size: 45 flashcards
Views: 41
Textbook:
PsychologyStudy Guide for Nairne's Psychology, 5th
Created: 2011-10-27
Size: 45 flashcards
Views: 41
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Consciousness
-the subjective experience of perceiving oneself and one's surroundings
-you are conscious of something if you can report it in words
-depends on the amount of brain activity
Binocular rivalry
-alterrnation between seeing the pattern in the left retina and the pattern in the right retina
-During it, input from one eye is unconscious
Brain death
the brain shows no activity and no response to any stimulus
Coma
caused by trauma or damage to the brain, the brain shows a steady but low level of activity and no response to any stimulus, including potentially painful stimuli
Vegetative State
a person responds to some stimuli (at least with changes in heart rate and breathing) but show no purposeful actions
Minimally conscious state
has brief periods of purposeful actions and speech comprehension
Threshold consciousness
Brain activity below a certain threshold is unconscious but above the threshold, it spreads, reverberates, occupies much of the brain, and becomes conscious
Phi effect
illusion of the light moving back and forth between the two locations
Spatial neglect
a tendency to ignore the left side of the body, the world, and objects
Deja vu experience
the sense that an event is uncannily familiar
also caused by abnormalties in the temporal lobe also experience intense deja vu experiences
Readiness potential
the increased motor cortex activity prior to that start of the movement
Circadian rhythm
a rhythm of activity and inactivity lasting about a day
circa+dies= "about a day"
-we generate them within ourselves; it is not dependent on the rising and setting of the sun
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
during this stage of sleep, the sleeper's eyes move rapidly back and forth under the closed lids
REM behavior disorder
fail to inhibit their muscular activity during REM
Electroencephalograph (EEG)
measures and amplifies tiny electrical changes on the scalp that reflect patterns of brian activity
Polysomnograph
sleep researchers combine an EEG measure with a simultaneous measure of eye movements to produce a Polysomnograph
Sleep spindles
waves of activity at about 12-14 per second
they result from an exchange of information between the cerebral cortex and the underlying thalamus
Insomnia
not enough sleep for the person to feel rested the next day
Sleep Apnea
people fail to breathe for a minute or more and then wake up gasping for breath
Narcolepsy
people with narcolepsy experience sudden attacks of extreme sleepiness in the middle of the day
Night terror
causes someone to awaken screaming and sweating with a racing heart, sometimes flailing with the arms and pounding the walls
Periodic limb movement disorder
prolonged "creepy-crawly" sensations in their legs, accompanied by repetitive leg movements strong enough to awaken the person, especially during the first half of the night
Manifest content
the content that appears on the surface
latent content
the hidden ideas that the dream experience represents symbolically
Activation-synthesis theory of dreams
input arising from the pons activates the brain during REM sleep. the cortex takes that haphazard activity plus whatever stimuli strike the sense organs and does its best to synthesize a story to make sense of this activity
Neurocognitive theory
treats dreams as a kind of thinking that occurs under special conditions
Brain activity
decreases in it follws the declines in level of consciousness. below a certain level is considered unconscious
Blindsight
shows that our functions and our conscious awareness are two different things
-people can't see objects but can guess location, found in people who are blind
Capgras syndrome
a condition in which person insists that familiar individuals are actually imposters who resemble those people. a condition in whic a person regards relatives and close friends as unfamiliar, saying they are imposters who resemble them
Neuroscientists
investigate states and likelihood of regaining full consciousness associated with each.
Shifting sleep schedules
mechanisms in the brain rely on light to reset your body's clock and keep it in step with the environment
Jet lag
the period of weariness and discomfort that occurs while your body clock adjusts to your new time zone. easier going east to west than west to east
Graveyard shift
serious industrial accidents usually occur at night, when workers are least alert. moving forward is easier than going backward
Sleep benefits
saves energy, lowers body temperature, decrease muscle activity, conserves energy, helps restore brain functions, and strengthens learning and memory
Paradoxical sleep
physiological and brain wave activity almost indistinguishable from the waking state, muscles are so relaxed that the person is effectively paralyzed
REM cycles in age groups
Babies have more REM sleep, if you sleep more you get more REM
Parasomnias
unsettling occurences in sleep that include sleep talking, walking, nightmares, and night terrors
Hypersomnia
excessive sleep that is not refreshing
Freud's approach
maintained hat dreams reveal the dreamer's unconscious thoughts and motivations.
“manifest” content.
surface content of the dream
“talent” content
the hidden content, represented only in symbols
Hypnosis
a conditions of increased suggestibility that occurs in the context of a special hypnotist-subject relationship. first practiced by an Austrian philosopher and physician, Franz Anton Mesmer. voluntary, cooperative social interaction
Uses and limitations of hypnosis
–Hypnosis can produce:
•Increased relaxation
•Better concentration
•Temporary changes in behavior that sometimes persist beyond the end of the hypnotic state
–It will NOT give a person new mental or physical abilities.
posthypnotic suggestion
suggestion to do or experience something particular after coming out of hypnosis.
Meditation
is a method of inducing a calm, relaxed state through the use of special techniques
About this deck
By: Anonymous
Textbook: Psychology
Study Guide for Nairne's Psychology, 5th
Created: 2011-10-27
Size: 45 flashcards
Views: 41
Textbook:
PsychologyStudy Guide for Nairne's Psychology, 5th
Created: 2011-10-27
Size: 45 flashcards
Views: 41
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
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