Chapters 10 & 11 Notes

4.8.09 Chapter 10 ? Administrative Reform Reform in Public Service Management [Reinventing Government/New Public Management] What is it? Focus on market competition, contracting out [business and non-profit] Occurred around the world What produced it? Combination of tax limitation measures beginning in the 1970s that demanded governments become more efficient Conservative governments: R. Reagan ? in favor of smaller government and favored less taxation Change in bureaucratic structure ? organizations are less hierarchical today ? they are flatter which means they are better able to network with other organizations [non-profits and businesses] Advances in information technology ? people can communicate around the world and get information quickly Clinton/Gore ? they pushed for efficiency as well and a more streamlined government Non-Profits On the whole less efficient than government ? their management practices ought to improve Competing goals Advantages v. Disadvantages of Reform Advantages Increased community involvement Improved program evaluation to see whether you are achieving efficiency Disadvantages Managerialism: efficiency has become more important than democracy Focus on ?customers? is silly Human Resource Innovation MBO [Management By Objective] ? organizational goals, employees set their own goals and then get evaluated on the basis of meeting these goals ? idea is that you get people involved so they set their own goals Quality of Work ? Job Enrichment Part of the Human Relations Model ? involves: Wide variety of tasks Job autonomy Clear feedback Treat people like adults Quality Circles Self-managed teams ? small groups of people who do similar work who meet regularly to identify problems and ?solve? problems Chapter 11 Climate of Public Administration We?ve gone through a couple of decades of criticism, but today there seems to be an increase in trust in government officials ? Public Administration is more respected Globalization and new public management means new skills ? needs to be comfortable with diversity and networking Public participation is often mandatory Large number of people that are going to retire ? and a critical problem is going to be finding enough workers ? need lots more people