Chapters 14-16 Myth #2

Mythology 370 with Awylard at University of Wisconsin - Madison

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By: Molly Trerotola
Created: 2012-03-24
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Argive Plain

The richest province in Greece in its physical remains from the Greek Bronze Age and in its wealth of myths

Perseus was the Greek hero who killed the Gorgon Medusa, and claimed Andromeda, having rescued her from a sea monster sent by Poseidon in retribution for Queen Cassiopeia declaring herself more beautiful than the sea nymphs.

Tiryns

A fortress surrounded by amazing walls of immense stones carefully fitted together (Perseus ruled Tiryns, when he founded Mycenae)

Io Myth

- Had an affair with Zeus. To protect her from Hera he turned her into a cow. Hera was not fooled, asked to have cow. Tied Io to tree and made Argus watch over her make sure she didnt escape.

- Zeus Sent Hermes to kill Argus and set Io free.

Danaids

Crime: murder husbands on wedding night

had 49 daughters, twin brother had 49 sons, agress to let daughters marry them, tells girls to murder them on wedding night

punishment: fill vesilles with holes in it

Danae

- Daughter of Acrisius, Mother of Perseus.

- He locked her in a chamber bc he didnt want her to be pregnant and for the grandson to kill him like the Oracle said he would.

- Zeus impregnated her and she birthed Perseus.

- They were forced into a wooden chest and put in the ocean to die.

Polydectes

Dictys’ brother who fell in love with Danae, but Danae rejected him (with Perseus defending her refusal).

Then he forces Danae into marrying him but Perseus turns him into stone at wedding with head of Medusa.

Gorgons

Stheno (“Strength”)
Euryale (“Far-leaper”)
Medusa (“Wide-ruling”)…only mortal Gorgon!

Graeae

The Three old women who were born old, they had only one eye and one tooth that they shared among the three of them, shared via rotation. lived in the far west, the sun never rose, sister of the gorgons tricked by Perseus to reveal the 3 objects required to kill madusa.

Andromeda

distant relative of Perseus
should have lived 4 generations before Perseus
was about to be devoured by the sea-monster

had to be sacrificed for sake of her father's kingdom

Perseus flew over, saw this, fell in love

Girl's tragedy

prohibition: Forbidden to marry
seclusion: locked in chamber
violation of prohibition: gold shower
threat of punishment/death: castaway
liberation: rescued

Heracles

Greatest of Greek heroes, does 12 labors
child of Alcmena + Zeus
twin brother of Mortal Iphicles
killed 1st wife Megara + 3 sons
Married Deianira- killed Heracles with love potion that came from his poison arrow
Marries god Hebe (youth)

Alcmena

Mother of Heracles, who was visited by Zeus disguised as her own husband, Amphitryon

Amphitryon

victory over pirates--> demanded sex with wife Alcmena

conceived seed of Zeus brother Iphicles

Eurystheus

Imposed the 12 labors upon Hercules, King of Mycenae.

megara

daughter of Creon and first wife of heracles who is later killed by him because hera drives him mad.

The Twelve Labors

Assigned to Heracles by Eurystheus to become immortal.
Nemean Lion, Leraean Hydra, Cyrnaean Hide, Erymanthian Boar, Augean Stables, STymphalian birds, Cretan bull, Mares of Diomedes, Girdle of Hippolyte, Cattle of Geryon, Apples of Hesperides, Cerberus

Nemea

Home of the Nemean lion which Heracles killed as his first labor

Hydra

The enormous water serpent that Heracles slays at Lerna.

The Ceryneian Deer

Heracles brings it for the third labor. Magical animal with golden antlers and brazen hoofs which belonged to Artemis.

Erymanthian Boar

Boar who lived on Mount Erymanthos, capturing the boar was Hercules’ 4th labor

Chiron

Immortal centaur who died in Prometheus' place. Heracles killed the immortal Centaur with poison arrows.

Augeas

Promises Heracles one tenth of the cattle if Heracles can clean the stables in one day
refuses to pay when Heracles does it b/c Heracles had to do it
Heracles kills him and gives kingdom to Augeas' son

Stymphalian Birds

One of Hercules’ twelve labors to rid Lake Stymphalia of these man eating birds

Cretan Bull

A bull wreaking havoc on Crete which Hercules had to capture as his 7th labor.

Horses of Diomedes

Labor 8.

Captures the flesh eating horses but feeding Diomedes to them- the horses were then eaten by wolves

Admetus

told by friend Apollo the the fates were going to kill him. He didn't have to die if someone else would die for him. Only person willling to do this is his wife Alcestis. Hercules visits him and brings Alcestis back from dead.

Alcestis

Was willing to die for her husband to give her husband a longer life. Heracles brings her back to life after seeing his friend Admetus morning for her.

Girdle of Hippolyta

Ninth Labor of Heracles. He went to amazons to grab the belt from the amazon queen. he strangled her and removed the girdle.

Cattle of Geryon

Hercules tenth labor was to retrieve these cattle from the giant Geryon who has 3 bodies.

Cacus

Fire breathing monster who stole some part of Geryon's cattle from Heracles. In a cave, he blocked the entrance with boulder so Heracles ripped of the top and entered that way. Heracles strangled him to death.

Apples of the Hesperides

11th labor. Heracles sent to get the golden apples from the Hesperides, which had been a wedding gift to Hera.

Busiris

Son of Poseidon; daughter of Ephaphus…Heracles was a foreigner in Egypt, and customs go that the King of Egypt was to sacrifice every foreigner he could.

Cerebrus

12th Labor of Heracles. He was ordered to descend to the underworld and bring back the guard-dog.

Metopes

12 stone panels on which the earliest evidence for the canonical cycle of 12 labors is found

Iole

The princess loved by Heracles, who was violently captured by him years after her father refused to allow their marriage.

Omphale

Queen of Lydia

Hercules was a slave to her for a few years

Made Hercules dress up as a woman and do womanly work.

Cercopes

brothers who robbed travelers and treated them badly captured by Heracles

Turned into monkeys by Zeus

Deianira

"man killer"
wife of Heracles, fought over by Achelous
jumps on back of Centaur Nessus who is shot by Heracles' poison arrow

instructs her to collect blood and semen= powerful love potion

Achelous

A river god who also wants deianira

Heracles fights him, wins and breaks off one of his horns

Nessus

A centaur whom Heracles killed for attempting to rape Deianeira. Nessus gave Deinara the give steeped in the poison of the Hydra which would later kill Hercules.

Heraclids

Sons of Heracles; thought to be the ancestors of the Dorians by the ancient Greeks.

Theseus

conceived by both mortal Aegeus who went to bed with Aethra and immortal Poseidon who possessed her
abducted Amazon queen Anitope= son Hippolytus

left her of new wife Phaedra

hero of Athens
saved from underworld by Heracles
pushed to death off a cliff

Erichthonius

Half-man, half-snake product of the spilled semen of Hephaestus upon Athena's leg, and early king of Athens. Raised by Athena.

Cephalus

test Procris love= comes to her disguised offers rewards if she sleeps with him
exiled from Athens after accidentally killing wife Procris who was spying on him

Procne

Daughter of Pandion, and early king of Athens, and wife of Tereus; killed her own son Itys to avenge Tereus's rape and mutilation of her sister Philomela.

Philomela

siter ofProcne
raped by Tereus, tongue cut, locked away
weave purple strands= explaining Tereu's crime= gets to Procne
helps kill Itys, flys away

Tereus

husband of Procne

rapes her sister Philomela

eats son unknowingly from Procne and Philomela
transformed into a Hoopoe bird

Itys

Son of Tereus and Procnê; killed by his mother in revenge for Tereus' rape and mutilation of Philomela, Procnê's sister

Erechtheus

brother of Procne and Philomela
king after father, Pandion's death

Aegeus

King of Athens, father of Theseus and husband of Medea. Kills himself, believing Theseus has been sacrificed to the Minotaur.

Aethra

Mother of Theseus
lays with Aegeus and Poseidon on the same night

Procrustes

Villain overcome by Theseus on his way from Troezen to Athens; murdered his victims by putting them on a bed that never fit.

Amazonomachy

Battle of the Athenians and the invading Amazons; battle provoked by Theseus's abduction of their Queen Antiopê; later comes to symbolize Athens's victory over the Persians.

Hippolytus

son of Amazon queen Antiope and Theseus
raised by grandfather Pittheus
became a devotee of virgin huntress Artemis
despised women, cared only for the hunt and wilderness
Phaedra falls in love with Hippolytus

Phaedra

Wife of theseus who tries to have an affiar with her step son and then hangs herself

Bellerophon

Corinthian Hero, owner of Pegasus. he killed the Chimaera

Pirithous

King in Thessaly, opponent of Theseus who, like Enkidu and Gilgamesh, becomes his companion in a number of adventures.

Centaurs

½ man, ½ horse….invited to the wedding of Pirithous and Hippodamia (note: they are also cousins of Pirithous’)

Centauromachy

battle between greeks and centuars representing civilisation vs barbarianism

Started because the got drunk and tried to rape pirithous' bride

Pisistratus

Democratic tyrant of late 6th century Athens; responsible for promoting the myths of Theseus and identifying them with democratic ideology.

pisistratus

daughter of Pittheus
after intercourse- Aethra went to offer sacrifice on nearby island
Poseidon appeared from sea and possessed her= Theseus conceived

About this deck

By: Molly Trerotola
Created: 2012-03-24
Size: 62 flashcards
Views: 17

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy