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- University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire
- Chemistry
- Chemistry 104
- King
- Chem 104 Exam 1 Vocabulary
Chem 104 Exam 1 Vocabulary
Chemistry 104 with King at University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire
About this deck
By: Nate Sproat
Created: 2012-02-20
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 21
Created: 2012-02-20
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 21
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Thermodynamics
the scientific study of the interconversion of heat and other kinds of energy
Thermochemistry
the study of the heat associated with chemical reactions and physical processes
Kinetic Energy
the energy that results from motion
Potential Energy
the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its position
Heat
the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are at different temperatures
Work
the energy required to move an object against a force
Internal Energy
the total energy contained by a thermodynamic system
Law of Conservation of Energy
first law of thermodynamics stating that energy can be neither created nor destroyed
System
the specific part of the universe that is of interest to us
Surrounding
the part of the universe not included in the system
Open System
a system that can exchange mass and energy with its surroundings
Closed System
a system that can exchange energy (but not mass) with the surroundings
Isolated System
a system that can exchange neither energy nor mass with the surroundings
First Law of Thermodynamics
energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed
State Function
properties that are determined by the state of the system, independent of how the state was achieved
Exothermic
a process that gives off heat
Endothermic
a process that absorbs heat
Specific Heat
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 ºC
Heat Capacity
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object by 1 ºC
Enthalpy
a thermodynamic quantity defined by the equation H= U + PV. The change in enthalpy, ΔH, is equal to the heat exchanged between the system and surroundings at constant pressure qρ
Enthalpy of Formation
(ΔΗºƒ) The heat change that results when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements in there standard states
Enthalpy of Combustion
the enthalpy change when one mole of a reactant completely reacts with oxygen under standard thermodynamic conditions
Standard Enthalpy
a measure of the energy associated with a system
Kinetics
The branch of chemistry or biochemistry concerned with measuring and studying the rates of reactions
Reaction Rate
the change in concentration of reactants or products per unit time
Reaction Mechanism
series of steps by which a chemical reaction occurs
Reaction Order
the sum of the powers to which all reactant concentrations appearing in the rate law are raised
Rate Law
an equation relating the rate of reaction to the concentrations of reactants
Rate Constant
(k) the proportionality constant in a rate law
Half-Life
(t½) the time required for the reactant concentration to drop to half its original value
Activation Energy
(Ea) the minimum amount of energy to begin a chemical reaction
Catalyst
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical ration without itself being consumed
Elementary Reaction (Elementary Step)
a reaction that occurs in a single collision of the reactant molecules
Reaction Intermediate
a molecular entity that is formed from the reactants (or preceding intermediates) and reacts further to give the directly observed products of a chemical reaction
Chemical Equilibrium
a chemical reaction and its reverse proceed at equal rates
Equilibrium Constant
(K) a number equal to the ratio of the equilibrium concentrations of products to the equilibrium concentrations of reactants, with each concentration raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient
Reaction Quotient
(Q) a fraction with product concentrations in the numerator and reactant concentrations in the denominator, each raised to its stoichiometric coefficient
About this deck
By: Nate Sproat
Created: 2012-02-20
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 21
Created: 2012-02-20
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 21
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy