Cholesterol Biosynthesis
Biochemistry 2000 with Bruno at University of Connecticut
About this deck
By: Chris Panagoulias
Textbook:
Biochemistry: A Short Course
Created: 2012-04-28
Size: 13 flashcards
Views: 9
Textbook:
Biochemistry: A Short CourseCreated: 2012-04-28
Size: 13 flashcards
Views: 9
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Where is cholesterol synthesized?
liver
What is cholesterol used to produce?
-steroid hormones
-bile salts
-vitamin D
-membrane component
What are the basic requirements for cholesterol synthesis to be possible?
Acetyl CoA for the hydrolyzation of high energy thioester bonds,
ATP formation of activated isoprene units
NADPH, found in the pentose-phosphate pathway
ATP formation of activated isoprene units
NADPH, found in the pentose-phosphate pathway
How and where does cholesterol synthesis begin?
-starts in cytosol
-synthesis of mevalonate from acetyl-CoA
HMG-CoA synthase
-produces HMG-CoA from mevalonate
What is the rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis?
-reduction of HMG-CoA with HMG-CoA reductase
Regulation of HMG-CoA Reductase
-phosphorylation by AMP-activated kinase
-degradation of enzyme; half-life only 3 hours, controlled by cholesterol level
how does cholesterol affect mRNA?
-production and translation is controlled by cholesterol levels
LDL role and origin
-main carriers of cholesterol and cholesterol esters
-evolves from VLDL (not made directly)
HDL vs. LDL
-low density BAD, causes plaque buildup
-relative ratio affects plaque formation
HDL synthesis and role
-made in liver and intestine
-removes cholesterol from cells and returns to liver
lipoprotein lipase
-digests "buds" from chylomicrons and VLDLs to produce HDLs
LDL receptor
-single transmembrane protein
-binding domain on N-terminus
-dysfunction or absence causes hypercholesterolemia
About this deck
By: Chris Panagoulias
Textbook: Biochemistry: A Short Course
Created: 2012-04-28
Size: 13 flashcards
Views: 9
Textbook:
Biochemistry: A Short CourseCreated: 2012-04-28
Size: 13 flashcards
Views: 9
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy