Citation Chap. 5

Law 006 with Ravitch at Michigan State University

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Created: 2011-11-28
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Id. at 1092.

1) In the immediately preceding sentence of a legal memorandum, without an intervening cite, you cited to Facebook, Inc. v. ConnectU LLC, 489 F. Supp. 2d 1087 (N.D. Cal. 2007). You wish to cite to page 1092 of the case now. You will refer to this case as "Facebook, Inc." for the rest of the memorandum.

Pac. Bell, 93 Cal. Rptr. 2d at 911-12.

3) On page 3 of your memorandum, you cited to Pac. Bell v. Pub. Utils. Comm'n, 93 Cal. Rptr. 2d 910 (Ct. App. 2000). In the same general discussion on page 5 of your memo, you would like to cite to Pacific Bell again, only you would like to focus your reader's attention on information beginning on page 911 and continuing on page 912 of the court's opinion. You have cited to other cases on pages 4 and 5 of your memo.

Pac. Bell, 93 Cal. Rptr. 2d at 911.

5) In the same legal memorandum, you again wish to refer to Pac. Bell v. Pub. Utils. Comm'n, 93 Cal. Rptr. 2d 910 (Ct. App. 2000), focusing your reader's attention on information on page 911. The immediately preceding citation sentence reads: "Pac. Bell, 93 Cal. Rptr. 2d at 912; S. Cal. Edison Co., 102 Cal. Rptr. 2d at 685."

Dempsey, 277 Md. at 137, 355 A.2d at 456.

6) In a brief to a Maryland court, you have previously cited to Dempsey v. State, 277 Md. 134, 355 A.2d 455 (1976). You wish to cite to Dempsey again after several intervening cites, focusing your reader's attention on information found at page 456 of Atlantic Reporter and page 137 of Maryland Reports.

Raich, 500 F.3d at 860-61.

8) On page 22 of a brief to the United States Supreme Court, you cite to Raich v. Gonzales, 500 F.3d 850 (9th Cir. 2007). In the same general discussion on page 26 of your brief, you would like to refer to this case again, focusing your reader's attention on information beginning on page 860 and continuing on page 861 of the court's opinion. You have cited to other cases in the interim.

Facebook, Inc., 489 F. Supp. 2d at 1092.

2) A few paragraphs later, after citing to other cases and a statute, you wish to cite to page 1092 of Facebook, Inc. v. ConnectU LLC, 489 F. Supp. 2d 1087 (N.D. Cal. 2007). You have been referring to this case in text as "Facebook, Inc."

Id. at 984; Goodman v. Ward, 922 N.E.2d 522, 524 (Ill. App. Ct. 2010).

10) Immediately after citing to Maddux v. Blagojevich, 911 N.E.2d 979 (Ill. 2009), you wish to formulate a string cite, focusing your reader's attention first on page 984 of Maddux, and then on page 524 of Goodman v. Ward, 922 N.E.2d 522 (Ill. App. Ct. 2010).

Chi. Cent., 558 N.W.2d at 711.

9) You wish to formulate a short form, not "id.," for information found on the first page of Chi. Cent. & Pac. R.R. v. Union Pac. R.R., 558 N.W.2d 711 (Iowa 1997). You have referred to this case in text as "Chicago Central."

When using only one party name in a short form citation, use the name of the __, unless that party is a geographical or __ unit or other __ litigant. You may also shorten a long party name for example from First Nat'l Trust & Inv. Corp. to First Nat'l, so long as the reference remains unambiguou

first party

governmental

common

Id. is the short form used to refer to the __ authority. The main purpose of id. is to save __ and reduce the amount of citation clutter in your writing.

immediately preceding

space

The "i" in "id." is only capitalized when it __ a citation sentence. The underline always runs under the period.

begins

When used alone, "id." refers to the __ referenced in the immediately preceding citation.

identical pincite

To refer to a different page or footnote within the immediately preceding authority, add "__" and the new pincite.

Id. may be used in citation sentences and clauses for any kind of authority except __. In court documents and legal memoranda, use id. when citing the __, but only when the immediately preceding citation contains __ authority.

internal cross-references

immediately preceding authority

only one

Indicate where a subsequent citation varies from the former, such as the specific page number being cited. If the first citation refers only to a shorter work contained within an authority, do not use id. for a subsequent citation to the __ authority. Instead, use the "__" form.

entire

supra

Generally, use of only one party's name (or a readily identifiable shorter version of one party's name) in a short form citation is permissible if the reference is __. When only one party's name (or a short form thereof) is used, it should be __.

unambiguous

italicized

When citing only one party name in a short form citation, __ using the name of a geographical or governmental unit, a governmental official, or other __ litigant.

avoid

common

The Bluebook provides two types of short forms to be used for cases in legal memoranda and court documents: "__" and an abbreviated version of the __. These two types are not interchangeable, but can each be used only in certain instances.

id.

full legal citation

The short form "id." may only be used when you wish to cite to a case that is cited in the __ citation. In other words, no intervening cites to a different authority of any type should appear between the _ citation to this case and the __ citation.

immediately preceding

preceding

current

Simply mentioning a case name in a previous sentence will not support an "id." citation.In addition, the prior citation need only be to the same case, not to the same page in the same case. If you wish to cite to the same page of the same case, then use only the word "__"

id.

If the immediately preceding citation is a "string cite," i.e., contains __ authority, then you may not use "id.," even if one of those authorities is the case you currently wish to cite.

more than one

When circumstances do not allow you to use "id.," you must use an __ form of the full citation.

abbreviated

Most legal writers choose to include __ in an abbreviated short form. In addition, most legal writers choose to refer to a case by the party's name that appears __ in the case name.

one party's name

first

Don't use the name of the first party if that party is __ a party to __, such as a state, the United States, a governmental agency, or the head of an agency or branch of government of either a state or the United States.

frequently

litigation

If the full citation of your case is a parallel citation with two or more reporter references, then craft your abbreviated short form. You would drop the __ on which your case appears in each reporter and the __ parenthetical, but include the __ information for each reporter preceded by the word __

first page

court and date

relevant page

For the use of "id." with a parallel citation, you would include the volume and reporter information of all reporters but the __, which appears first in your citation.

Ex: Id. at 255, 264 P.2d at 33.

official state reporter

About this deck

By: Ashanti Natasha
Created: 2011-11-28
Size: 26 flashcards
Views: 665

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj